History Of Law In Japan Since 1868

HISTORY OF LAW IN JAPAN SINCE 1868 HANDBOOK OF ORIENTAL STUDIES HANDBUCH DER ORIENTALISTIK SECTION FIVE JAPAN edited by M. BLUM · R. KERSTEN · M.F. LOW VOLUME TWELVE HISTORY OF LAW IN JAPAN SINCE 1868 HISTORY OF LAW IN JAPAN SINCE 1868 EDITED BY WILHELM RÖHL BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON 2005 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available on http://catalog.loc.gov ISSN 0921-5239 ISBN 90 04 13164 7 © Copyright 2005 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill Academic Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill Academic Publishers provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910 Danvers MA 01923, USA. PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS CONTENTS Prefatory Notice .......................................................................... vii Chapter One: Generalities (Wilhelm Röhl ) ................................ 1.1 Periods of Development ................................................ 1.2 The Scope of Japanese Law ........................................ 1.3 Types of Rules and Promulgation .............................. 1.4 Foreign Influences ........................................................ 1 1 11 16 23 Chapter Two: Public Law (Wilhelm Röhl) ................................ 2.1 Constitutional Law ........................................................ 2.2 Administrative Law ...................................................... 29 29 96 Chapter Three: Civil Code ...................................................... 3.1 General Provision (Ronald Frank) .................................. 3.2 Property Law—Real Rights (Hans Peter Marutschke) .... 3.3 Law of Obligations (Ronald Frank) ................................ 3.4 Family Law (Petra Schmidt) ............................................ 3.5 Law of Succession (Petra Schmidt) .................................. 166 166 205 227 262 305 Chapter Four: Commercial and Corporate Law in Japan (Harald Baum/Eiji Takahashi ) .................................................. 4.1 Introduction .................................................................. 4.2 The Early Years (1868–1899) ...................................... 4.3 Rise and Fall (1900–1945) ............................................ 4.4 Reconstruction and Economic Miracle (1946–1980s) 4.5 The Structural Crisis of the 1990s—Some Afterthoughts .................................................................. Chapter Five: Intellectual Property and Anti-Trust ................ 5.0 Literature (General) ...................................................... 5.1 Inventive Activity, Intellectual Property, and Industrial Policy (Christopher Heath) ................................ 5.2 Patent Law (Christopher Heath) ...................................... 5.3 Utility Model Law (Christopher Heath) .......................... 5.4 Design Law (Peter Ganea) .............................................. 330 330 335 362 381 399 402 402 403 423 443 452 vi contents 5.5 Trade Mark Law (Christopher Heath) ............................ 5.6 Unfair Competition Law (Christopher Heath) ................ 5.7 Copyright Law (Peter Ganea) .......................................... 5.8 Anti-Trust Law (