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JOURNAL FOR THE STUDY OF THE OLD TESTAMENT SUPPLEMENT SERIES
287
Editors David J.A. Clines Philip R. Davies Executive Editor John Jarick Editorial Board Robert P. Carroll, Richard J. Coggins, Alan Cooper, J. Cheryl Exum, John Goldingay, Robert P. Gordon, Norman K. Gottwald, Andrew D.H. Mayes, Carol Meyers, Patrick D. Miller
Sheffield Academic Press
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The Transformation of Torah from Scribal Advice to Law
Anne Fitzpatrick-McKinley
Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Supplement Series 287
For Peter, Theo, Rivkah and 'Freddie'
Copyright © 1999 Sheffield Academic Press Published by Sheffield Academic Press Ltd Mansion House 19 Kingfield Road Sheffield SI 19AS England
Printed on acid-free paper in Great Britain by Bookcraft Ltd Midsomer Norton, Bath
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 1-85075-953-7
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction
7 8 11
Chapter 1
SOME RECENT APPROACHES TO OLD TESTAMENT LAW
23
Chapter 2
THE INDEPENDENCE OF LEGAL DEVELOPMENT
54
Chapter 3
THE LEGISLATIVE MODEL AND ITS ALTERNATIVES
81
Chapter 4 TORAH AND DHARMA: MORAL ADVICE OF SCRIBES
113
Chapter 5
FROM SACRED MORAL TEACHING TO LAW
146
Issues and Proposals
178
Bibliography Index of References Index of Authors
183 192 199
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This study was originally submitted as a PhD thesis in the Departmen of Hebrew, Biblical and Theological Studies, Trinity College Dublin, ii 1993. Very special thanks are due to my supervisor, Professor A.D.H Mayes, for his expert advice, encouragement and support. I would also like to thank the staff of the Department of Hebrew, Bib lical and Theological Studies: Professor S. Freyne, Dr W. Jeanrond am Professor J.R. Bartlett. Finally, very special thanks to Catherine Maunsell and to Peter.
ABBREVIATIONS
AHw ANET AnOr ArOr B WANT BWL BZAW CAD CCT
Wolfram von Soden, Akkadisches Handworterbuch (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1959-81) James B. Pritchard (ed.), Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 3rd edn, 1969) Analecta orientalia Archiv orientdlni Beitrage zur Wissenschaft vom Alten und Neuen Testament W.G. Lambert, Babylonian Wisdom Literature (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1959) BeiheftezurZAW Ignace I. Gelb et al. (eds.), The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (Chicago: Oriental Institute, 1964-) Cuneiform Texts from Cappadocian Tablets in the British Museum (London: British Museum Press, 1921-56)
CRAIBL
Comptes rendus de I'Academic des inscriptions et belles-lettres
CT
Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum (London: British Museum Press, 1896) Forschungen zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und Neuen Testaments Journal of the American Oriental Society, Supplements Journal of Biblical Literature Journal of Cuneiform Studies Jaarbericht ...ex oriente lux Journal of Near Eastern Studies Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, Supplement Series H. Donner and W. Rb'llig, Kanaanaische und aramdische Inschriften (3 vols.; Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1962-64) J. Lewy, Keilschrifttexte in den Antiken-Museen zu Stambul: Die altassyrischen Texte vom Kultepe (Constantinople, 1926) Ludlul bel nemqi (see Anatolian Studies 4 [1954], pp. 65-74) Memoires de la Delegation en Perse New Century Bible New Testament Studies Orbis biblicus et orientalis Old T