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THEORETICAL EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS JOSEPH FELSENSTEIN Theoretical Evolutionary Genetics GENOME 562 Joseph Felsenstein Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington Box 357730 Seattle, Washington 98195-7730 April, 2003 Copyright (c) 1978, 1983, 1988, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003 by Joseph Felsenstein. All rights reserved. Not to be reproduced without author’s permission. Contents PREFACE ix 1 RANDOM MATING POPULATIONS I.1 Asexual inheritance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I.2 Haploid inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I.3 Diploids with two alleles: Hardy-Weinberg laws. I.4 Multiple alleles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I.5 Overlapping generations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . I.6 Different Gene Frequencies in the Two Sexes . . I.7 Sex linkage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I.8 Linkage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I.9 Estimating Gene Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . I.10 Testing Hypotheses about Frequencies . . . . . . Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Complements/Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 3 4 7 9 12 14 17 21 25 27 30 2 NATURAL SELECTION II.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II.2 Selection in Asexuals - Discre