Editor-in-Chief Prof. em. Dr. Otto Hutzinger Universität Bayreuth c/o Bad Ischl Office Grenzweg 22 5351 Aigen-Vogelhub, Austria
[email protected] Advisory Board Prof. Dr. T.A.Kassim Prof. Dr. D. Mackay Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Seattle University 901 12th Avenue Seattle, WA 98122-1090, USA
[email protected] Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A4 Prof. Dr. D. Barceló Swedish Environmental Research Institute P.O.Box 21060 10031 Stockholm, Sweden
[email protected] Environment Chemistry IIQAB-CSIC, Jordi Girona, 18 08034 Barcelona, Spain
[email protected] Prof. Dr. P. Fabian Lehrstuhl für Bioklimatologie und Immissionsforschung der Universität München Hohenbachernstraße 22 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany Dr. H. Fiedler Scientific Affairs Office UNEP Chemicals 11–13, chemin des Anémones 1219 Châteleine (GE), Switzerland
[email protected] Prof. Dr. A.H. Neilson Prof. Dr. J. Paasivirta Department of Chemistry University of Jyväskylä Survontie 9 P.O.Box 35 40351 Jyväskylä, Finland Prof. Dr. Dr. H. Parlar Institut für Lebensmitteltechnologie und Analytische Chemie Technische Universität München 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany Prof. Dr. S.H. Safe Lehrstuhl für Umwelttechnik und Ökotoxikologie Universität Bayreuth Postfach 10 12 51 95440 Bayreuth, Germany Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine Texas A & M University College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA
[email protected] Prof. Dr. M. A. K. Khalil Prof. P.J. Wangersky Department of Physics Portland State University Science Building II, Room 410 P.O.Box 751 Portland,Oregon 97207-0751,USA
[email protected] University of Victoria Centre for Earth and Ocean Research P.O.Box 1700 Victoria, BC, V8W 3P6, Canada
[email protected] Prof. Dr. H. Frank Preface Environmental Chemistry is a relatively young science. Interest in this subject, however, is growing very rapidly and, although no agreement has been reached as yet about the exact content and limits of this interdisciplinary discipline, there appears to be increasing interest in seeing environmental topics which are based on chemistry embodied in this subject. One of the first objectives of Environmental Chemistry must be the study of the environment and of natural chemical processes which occur in the environment. A major purpose of this series on Environmental Chemistry, therefore, is to present a reasonably uniform view of various aspects of the chemistry of the environment and chemical reactions occurring in the environment. The industrial activities of man have given a new dimension to Environmental Chemistry. We have now synthesize