Advances in VIRUS RESEARCH VOLUME 29 CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS VOLUME BASILM. ARIF J. G. ATABEKOV MICHAEL J. CARTER S. N. CHATTERJEE RALFG. DIETZGEN Yu. L. DOROKHOV DAVIDKATZ ALEXANDER KOHN M. MAITI GABRIELE MERTES VOLKER TER MEULEN L. Nuss DONALD STANLEY B. PRUSINER EVAMARIE SANDER Advances in VIRUS RESEARCH Edited by MAX A. LAUFFER KARL MARAMOAOSCH Andrew Mellon Professor of Biophysics University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Robert L. Starkey Professor of Microbiology Waksman Institute of Microbiology Rutgers University Piscataway, New Jersey VOLUME 29 1984 ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers) Orlando San Diego New York London Toronto Montreal Sydney Tokyo COPYRIGHT @ 1984, BY ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY, RECORDING, OR ANY INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER. ACADEMIC PRESS,INC. Orlando, Flonda 32887 United KingdomEdition published by ACADEMIC PRESS. INC. (LONDON) LTD. 24/28 Oval Road, London'NWl 7DX Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data I S B N 0-12-039829-X PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 84 85 86 87 9 8 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 53- 1 1 559 CONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME29 ............................................... ix Prions: Novel Infectious Pathogens STANLEY B . PRUSINER ........................ I. I1. Terminology ........................................................ 111. Prion Diseases ...................................................... ................................. IV . Epidemiology ........... ................................. V. Assays for Scrapie Prions . VI . Pathogenesis ........................................................ VII . Host Genes Controlling Incubation Times .............................. VIII . Transmission of Prions .............................................. IX . Biophysical and Biochemical Properties of Scrapie Prions ................ X . Molecular Models for the Prion ....................................... XI . Concluding Remarks ................................................. References ....................................... 2 3 5 11 12 15 19 21 23 44 47 Molecular Biology of Wound Tumor Virus DONALD L . Nuss I . Introduction ........................................................ I1. TheVirion .......................................................... I11. Transcription ....................................................... IV . Translation ................................... ................... V. Transmission ..................................................... VI . Infection of the Plant Host ............................. VII . Concluding Remarks ................................................. References .............. ........................ 57 58 63 67 72 85 89 90 The Application of Monoclonal Antibodies in the Study of Viruses MICHAEL J . CARTER AND VOLKER TER MEULEN I. Introduction ........................................................ I1. Virus Identification .................................................. I11. Further Definition of Virus-Specific Protein Structure, Function, and ................................... Synthesis ..................... IV. Investigation of Virus Pathogene and Protection from Virus Infection ... V . Conclusions . . . . . . ............................................. ............................... V 95 99 105 119 122 124 vi<