The Origin Of Mass And Strong Coupling Gauge Theories: Proceedings Of The 2006 International Workshop

The Origin of Mass and Strong Coupling Gauge Theories Proceedings of the 2006 International Workshop This page intentionally left blank The Origin of Mass and Strong Coupling Gauge Theories Proceedings of the 2006 International Workshop Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan 21 – 24 November 2006 Editors M. Harada M. Tanabashi K. Yamawaki Nagoya University, Japan World Scientific NEW JERSEY • LONDON • SINGAPORE • BEIJING • SHANGHAI • HONG KONG • TA I P E I • CHENNAI Published by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. 5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224 USA office: 27 Warren Street, Suite 401-402, Hackensack, NJ 07601 UK office: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. THE ORIGIN OF MASS AND STRONG COUPLING GAUGE THEORIES (SCGT06) Proceedings of the 2006 International Workshop Copyright © 2008 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the Publisher. For photocopying of material in this volume, please pay a copying fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. In this case permission to photocopy is not required from the publisher. ISBN-13 978-981-270-641-6 ISBN-10 981-270-641-0 Printed in Singapore. Benjamin - The Origin of Mass.pmd 1 5/8/2008, 3:51 PM October 26, 2007 21:58 WSPC - Proceedings Trim Size: 9in x 6in preface v PREFACE Origin of Mass is the most urgent problem to be solved in particle theory and is the main target of the upcoming LHC experiments. Also, detailed mechanism of the origin of mass of hadrons should be tested through chiral symmetry restoration and deconfinement in QCD by the ongoing RHIC and upcoming LHC heavy ion collisions. Based on the strong coupling gauge theories (SCGT), many Composite Models such as the Walking Technicolor, Top Quark Condensate, Little Higgs, Higgsless model, etc. have been proposed over decades to explain the dynamical origin of the mass of elementary particles, and are ready to be tested in the LHC. Many mechanisms proposed for the chiral phase transition in QCD should also be tested in the RHIC/LHC experiments. The main obstacle of the strong coupling theories like QCD is the difficulty at obtaining the nonperturbative solution and making a definite prediction to be precisely compared with the experiments. Apart from the first-principle method of the lattice gauge theories, several alternative methods have been investigated to draw some, though not completely quantitative, predictions: Effective field theories (Chiral Perturbation Theory) with/without Hidden Local Symmetry (Moose or deconstructed extra dimensions), large N expansion, ladder Schwinger-Dyson Equation (gap equation) & Bethe-Salpeter equation, etc. as well as hints from some exact nonperturbative results of SUSY gauge theories. Since the first meeting of the Nagoya SCGT Workshop held in 1988 (SCGT 88), whi