Advances In Cancer Research, Vol. 61

ADVANCES IN CANCER RESEARCH VOLUME 61 This Page Intentionally Left Blank ADVANCES IN CANCERRESEARCH Edited by GEORGE F. VANDE WOUDE ABL-Basic Research Program NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center Frederick, Maryland GEORGE KLEIN Department of Tumor Biology Karolinska lnstitutet Stockholm, Sweden Volume 61 ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. Harcourt Brace EL Company San Diego New York Boston London Sydney Tokyo Toronto This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright 0 1993 by ACADEMIC PRESS,INC. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Academic Press, Inc. 1250 Sixth Avenue, San Diego, California 92101-4311 United Kingdom Edition published by Academic Press Limited 24-28 Oval Road. London NWI 7DX International Standard Serial Number: 0065-230X International Standard Book Number: 0- 12-006661-0 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 9 3 9 4 9 5 9 6 9 1 9 8 QW 9 8 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 CONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 61 . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... .... ix Cancer Prevention Research Trials PETER G R E E N W A L D , WINFRED F. M A L O N E , HARRIET R. S T E R N MARY E. CERNY, AND ........................... I . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. Basic Research Stiidies: Surveying earch ..................... 111. ’The Research Strategy: Froin Basic Research to Huinan Applications ............................... ....... IV. Progress i i i CIinirdl Trials . . . . ................................. .............. ........ V. C:onclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................. I 2 7 I:! ‘Lo 21 Molecular Genetic Changes in Human Breast Cancer MARCJ.VAN I. Introduction DE Vl.JVER ................... .................... I l l . Genetic Changes in Hum;in Breast (hnc ........................ I V. Genetic Predisposition t o Breast Ca~icer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V. (:onclutling Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ............. References . . . . . . . . . . . V 30 50 vi CONTENTS Molecular Approaches to Cancer Therapy MARKA. ISRAEL 1. I l i t rod uct ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. Cancer as a Molecular Disorder ........................... I l l . Molecular Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV. Molecular Therapies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regulation and Mechanism of Mammalian Gene Amplification GEORGER. STARK Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regulation of Amplitication ........ Primary Mechanisnis o