Bioconjugate Techniques 2nd Edition
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Bioconjugate Techniques 2nd Edition Greg T. Hermanson Pierce Biotechnology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Rockford, Illinois, USA
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The molecular model on the cover is a nitrite reductase enzyme obtained from the RCSB Protein Data Bank (2afn), as determined by Murphy, M.E., Turley, S., Kukimoto, M., Nishiyama, M., Horinouchi, S., Sasaki, H., Tanokura, M., and Adman, E.T. (1995) Structure of Alcaligenes faecalis nitrite reductase and a copper site mutant, M150E, that contains zinc. Biochemistry 34, 12107–12117. The space-filling model was created from the coordinate file using PovChem and the final image ray-traced using POV-Ray Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier 84 Theobald’s Road, London WC1X 8RR, UK Radarweg 29, PO Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, CA 92101-4495, USA First edition 1996 Second edition 2008 Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (44) (0) 1865 853333; email:
[email protected] Alternatively you can submit your request online by visiting the Elsevier web site at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions, and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress ISBN: 978-0-12-370501-3 For information on all Academic Press publications visit our website at www.elsevierdirect.com Typeset by Charon Tec Ltd (A Macmillan Company), Chennai, India www.charontec.com Printed and bound in the United States of America 08 09 10 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
For Amy and Meghan, who, since the first edition was published, have now become interested in pursuing careers in microbiology and medicine.
Contents Overview PART I Bioconjugate Chemistry 1. Functional Targets 2. The Chemistry of Reactive Groups
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PART II Bioconjugate Reagents 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.
Zero-Length Crosslinkers Homobifunctional Crosslinkers Heterobifunctional Crosslinkers Trifunctional Crosslinkers Dendrimers and Dendrons Cleavable Reagent Systems Fluorescent Probes Bifunctional Chelat