The Evolution Of The Sensitive Soul: Learning And The Origins Of Consciousness

E-Book Information

• Year: 2,019

• Pages: 665

• Pages In File: 665

• Language: English

• Topic: 178

• Org File Size: 39,209,540

• Extension: pdf

• Toc: Contents......Page 8 Preface......Page 10 Acknowledgments......Page 14 Figure Credits......Page 16 Introduction to Part I: Rationale and Foundations......Page 20 1. Goal-Directed Systems: An Evolutionary Approach to Life and Consciousness......Page 24 The Leibowitz Challenge: The Kantian Epistemological Gap......Page 32 The Life Gap: From a Mystery to a Scientific Problem......Page 36 Back to Consciousness: The Qualia Gap......Page 48 Three Explanatory Gaps......Page 50 Dennett’s Hierarchy and Phylogenetic Distributions: Locating the Experiencing (EX) Factor......Page 54 2. The Organization and Evolution of the Mind: From Lamarck to the Neuroscience of Consciousness......Page 60 The Associationists......Page 61 The Evolutionary Psychology of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck......Page 64 Herbert Spencer and the Evolutionary Principles of Psychology......Page 74 Charles Darwin and the Mental Continuity between Man and Animals......Page 82 The Psychological Investigations of William James......Page 90 The Waning and Slow Reemergence of Consciousness Studies......Page 104 3. The Emergentist Consensus: Neurobiological Perspectives......Page 114 The Neural Correlates of Specific Experiences......Page 125 The Field View of Consciousness: Oscillators and Attractors......Page 130 Loading the Dice......Page 137 Emotions and Embodiment......Page 154 4. A Biological Bridge across the Qualia Gap?......Page 168 Ways of Knowing: Mary, Fred, and Daniel......Page 174 Learning to Perceive: The Nonimaginary Case of Daniel Kish......Page 178 Why Square Pegs Do Not Fit in Round Holes and How a Shadow Can Evolve......Page 181 The Componential Problem: Consciousness’s Magic Show......Page 186 Enabling Systems......Page 187 The Teleofunctions Question: Consciousness Has Telos but No Function......Page 203 5. The Distribution Question: Which Animals Are Conscious?......Page 210 The Argument from Analogy......Page 212 The “Who Problem”: Twenty-First-Century Views......Page 216 Evolutionary Transition Markers: The Evolutionary Transition Approach......Page 243 Introduction to Part II: Major Transitions in the Evolution of the Mind......Page 260 6. The Neural Transition and the Building Blocks of Minimal Consciousness......Page 270 The Major Neural Transition: A New Information System......Page 273 The First Nervous Systems and the Animals Carrying Them......Page 285 Precursors and Enabling Systems in Cnidarians: Overall Sensation and Nonassociative Learning......Page 296 Building Blocks for Subjective Experiencing?......Page 308 Associative Learning: Distinctions and Stages......Page 312 The Distinction between Operant and Classical Conditioning: An Evolutionary Perspective......Page 315 Early Ideas on the Evolutionary Origins of Associative Learning......Page 320 Going All the Way Down: The Relation between Cell Memory and Neural Memory......Page 333 The Evolution of LAL......Page 340 Are Animals with LAL Minimally Conscious?......Page 362 8. The Transition to Unlimited Associative Learning: How the Dice Became Loaded......Page 366 Learning through Models: The Patterns That Connect......Page 370 Integrating Information through Hierarchical Inferenc