Eco-friendly Polymer Nanocomposites Chemistry And Applications.. Chemistry And Applications

Advanced Structured Materials Vijay Kumar Thakur Manju Kumari Thakur Editors Eco-friendly Polymer Nanocomposites Chemistry and Applications Advanced Structured Materials Volume 74 Series editors Andreas Öchsner, Southport Queensland, Australia Lucas F.M. da Silva, Porto, Portugal Holm Altenbach, Magdeburg, Germany More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8611 Vijay Kumar Thakur Manju Kumari Thakur • Editors Eco-friendly Polymer Nanocomposites Chemistry and Applications 123 Editors Vijay Kumar Thakur Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University Pullman, WA USA ISSN 1869-8433 Advanced Structured Materials ISBN 978-81-322-2472-3 DOI 10.1007/978-81-322-2473-0 Manju Kumari Thakur Division of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Himachal Pradesh India ISSN 1869-8441 (electronic) ISBN 978-81-322-2473-0 (eBook) Library of Congress Control Number: 2015940723 Springer New Delhi Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer India 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer (India) Pvt. Ltd. is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Dedicated to my parents and teachers who helped me become what I am today. Vijay Kumar Thakur Preface Nanotechnology is the understanding and control of materials having dimensions roughly within the 1–100 nm range. The essence of nanotechnology is the ability to work at the molecular level, atom-by-atom, to create large structures with fundamentally new molecular organization. The ability to control and manipulate nanostructures will make it possible to exploit new physical, biological and chemical properties of systems that are intermediate in size, between single atoms, molecules and bulk materials. The term nanotechnology was introduced starting with the famous 1959 lecture by R.P. Feynman. The progress in nanotechnology has provided new insights into applications of well-known materials due to their exceptional properties owing to the nanoscale. As an example, nanocomposites based on polymer matrix and nanoscale fillers have appeared as good candidates in a broad range of applications. Such scenario can be credited to the use of new and multifunctional fillers that provide distinct and substantial features to the nanocomposites. Recent trends in the nanocomposites field show the extensive use of biobased/ environmental friendly materials as one of the component in these materials. Particular attention has been focused on the use of biodegradable polymer as matrix component in nanocomposite applications because of their widespread huge potential and advantages over other traditional synthetic material