Fundamentals Of Momentum, Heat And Mass Transfer

Fundamentals of Momentum, Heat, and Mass Transfer 5th Edition Fundamentals of Momentum, Heat, and Mass Transfer 5th Edition James R. Welty Department of Mechanical Engineering Charles E. Wicks Department of Chemical Engineering Robert E. Wilson Department of Mechanical Engineering Gregory L. Rorrer Department of Chemical Engineering Oregon State University John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER ACQUISITIONS EDITOR MARKETING MANAGER CREATIVE DIRECTOR DESIGNER SENIOR MEDIA EDITOR SENIOR PRODUCTION EDITOR PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT SERVICES Daniel Sayre Jennifer Welter Christopher Ruel Harry Nolan Michael St. Martine Lauren Sapira Patricia McFadden Thomson Digital This book was set in by Thomson Digital and printed and bound by Hamilton Printing. The cover was printed by Lehigh Press, Inc. This book is printed on acid free paper.
1 Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, website www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, (201)748-6011, fax (201)7486008, website http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. To order books or for customer service please, call 1-800-CALL WILEY (225-5945). ISBN-13 978-0470128688 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Preface to the 5th Edition The first edition of Fundamentals of Momentum, Heat, and Mass Transfer, published in 1969, was written to become a part of what was then known as the ‘‘engineering science core’’ of most engineering curricula. Indeed, requirements for ABET accreditation have stipulated that a significant part of all curricula must be devoted to fundamental subjects. The emphasis on engineering science has continued over the intervening years, but the degree of emphasis has diminished as new subjects and technologies have entered the world of engineering education. Nonetheless, the subjects of momentum transfer (fluid mechanics), heat transfer, and mass transfer remain, at least in part, important components of all engineering curricula. It is in this context that we now present the fifth edition. Advances in computing capability have been astonishing since 1969. At that time, the pocket calculator was quite new and not generally in the hands of engineering students. Subsequent editions of this book included increasingly sophisticated solution techniques as technology advanced. Now, more than 30 years since the first edition, computer competency among students is a fait accompli and many homework assignments are completed using computer software that takes care of most mathematical complexity, and a good deal of physical insight. We do not judge the appropriateness of such approaches, but they surely occur and will do so more frequently as software becomes more readily available, more sophisticated, and easier to use. In this edition, we still include some examples and problems that are posed in English units, but a large portion of the quantitative work presented is now in SI units. This is consistent with most of the current generation of engineering textbooks. There are still some subdisciplines in the thermal/fluid sciences that use English units conventionally, so it remains necessary for students to have some familiarity with pounds, mass