THE ELEMENTS OF
Polymer Science and Engineering Second Edition An Introductory Text and Reference for Engineers a i d Chemists
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THE ELEMENTS OF
Polymer Science and Engineering Second Edition An Introductory Text and Reference for Engineers and Chemists
Alfred Rudin University of Waterloo
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-PublicationData Rudin, Alfred The elements of polymer science and engineering /Alfred Rudin.-2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-12-601685-7 ISBN-10: 0-12-601685-2 (acid-free paper) 1. Polymers. 2. Polymerization. QD381.R8 1998 98- I I623 547'.7- dc2 I ClP ISBN-13: 978-0-12-601685-7 ISBN-10: 0-12-601685-2 Printed in the United States of America 05 06 M V 9 8 7 6 5 4
To Pearl, with tlzariks again for her wisdoiiz arid wit
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Contents
xv
Chapter I
Introductory Concepts and Definitions
Some Deli ni t ions I , I , I Polymer I . I .2 Monoiiier I . I .3 Oligonier I . I .4 Repeating Unit I . I .S Kepresentatioiis of Polymer Structures I,I .6 End Groups I .2 Degree of Polymerization I .3 Polyinerization aiid Functionality I 3 . 1 Polymeri7at ion 1.3.2 Functionality 1.3.3 Latcnt Functionality I .4 Why Are Synthetic Polymers Useful? Copol y niers I.5 1 .S. I Kandoin Copolyiiier 1.5.2 Alternating Copolymer I .S.3 Graft Copolyriier l.S.4 Hloch Copolynier I.6 Molecular Architecture I .7 Thermoplastics and Thermosets I .8 Elastorncrs. Fihers, and Plastics I .9 Miscel