Compendium of Theoretical Physics
Armin Wachter
Henning Hoeber
Compendium of Theoretical Physics
Armin Wachter Pallas Inc. Brühl, Germany
[email protected]
Henning Hoeber de GeophysiqueCGG house Compagnie Generale de Geophysique Feltham, Middlesex TW1401R United Kingdom hhoebercgg.com
Library of Congress Control Number: 2005927414 ISBN-10: 0-387-25799-3 ISBN-13: 978-0387-25799-0
e-ISBN 0-387-29198-9
Printed on acid-free paper. © 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, Inc., 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed in the United States of America. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springeronline.com
(SBA)
Acknowledgements
We’d like to thank the Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, where a large part of the electrodynamics chapter was written, for its kind support. (Where better than in Aberdeen to write about electrodynamics?) Thanks to Klaus K¨ ampf for his donation of textbooks; to our colleagues, as well as students, at the Bergische Universit¨ at Wuppertal and the H¨ ochstleistungsrechenzentrum J¨ ulich (now Joh