The Ageing Brain: The Neurobiology And Neuropsychiatry Of Ageing

THE AGEING BRAIN THE AGEING BRAIN THE NEUROBIOLOGY AND NEUROPSYCHIATRY OF AGEING Edited by PERMINDER S. SACHDEV This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” Copyright © 2003 Swets & Zeitlinger B.V., Lisse, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this publication or the information contained herein may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without written prior permission from the publishers. Although all care is taken to ensure the integrity and quality of this publication and the information herein, no responsibility is assumed by the publishers nor the author for any damage to property or persons as a result of operation or use of this publication and/or the information contained herein. Published by: Swets & Zeitlinger Publishers www.szp.swets.nl ISBN 0-203-97097-7 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 90 265 1943 5 (Print Edition) Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ix Section I 1 Introduction CHAPTER 1: THE AGEING BRAIN Perminder S Sachdev 3 CHAPTER 2 POPULATION AGEING, HUMAN LIFESPAN AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS: A FIFTH EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRANSITION 11 G Anthony Broe Section II Characteristics of the ageing brain CHAPTER 3 STRUCTURAL Jillian J Kril CHANGES IN THE AGEING HUMAN BRAIN CHAPTER 4 STRUCTURAL NEUROIMAGING OF Jeffrey CL Looi and Perminder S Sachdev THE AGEING BRAIN NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL, SENSORY AND MOTOR CHANGES WITH AGEING 33 35 49 CHAPTER 5 63 Stephen R Lord and Rebecca St George CHAPTER 6 COGNITIVE CHANGES AND THE Helen Christensen and Rajeev Kumar AGEING BRAIN 75 AGEING OF THE HUMAN BRAIN AS STUDIED BY FUNCTIONAL NEUROIMAGING 97 CHAPTER 7 Julian N Trollor and Perminder S Sachdev vi CONTENTS CHAPTER 8 NEUROENDOCRINE George A Smythe ASPECTS OF BRAIN AGEING CHAPTER 9 CEREBROVASCULAR SYSTEM AND THE Valendai K Srikanth and Geoffrey A Donnan Section III AGEING BRAIN Factors influencing brain ageing CHAPTER 10 THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF AND FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA 139 153 171 ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE 173 John BJ Kwok and Peter R Schofield CHAPTER 11 OXIDATIVE AND FREE RADICAL MECHANISMS IN BRAIN 187 AGEING Judy de Haan, Rocco C Iannello, Peter J Crack, Paul Hertzog and Ismail Kola CHAPTER 12 THE ROLE OF NUTRITIONAL FACTORS IN COGNITIVE 205 AGEING Janet Bryan CHAPTER 13 THE BRAIN Peter W Schofield Section IV 223 RESERVE HYPOTHESIS Clinical interface CHAPTER 14 WILL Carol Brayne 241 WE ALL DEMENT IF WE LIVE LONG ENOUGH? CHAPTER 15 DETECTING ALZHEIMER’S PRE-SYMPTOMATIC STAGE Gary W Small DISEASE AT THE 259 CHAPTER 16 PARKINSONISM AND AGEING John GL Morris, Mariese A Hely and Glenda M Halliday CHAPTER 17 AGE VARIATION IN THE PREVALENCE ARE STUDY FINDINGS MEANINGFUL? John Snowdon CHAPTER 18 VASCULAR DEMENTIA Perminder S Sachdev 243 OF 275 DEPRESSION: 283 299 vii CONTENTS CHAPTER 19 CONCLUSION Perminder S Sachdev 323 CONTRIBUTORS 327 SUBJECT AUTHOR INDEX INDEX ADDRESS LIST 333 Acknowledgements The seed for this book was sown with the formation of The Ageing Brain Progra