Advances in CANCER RESEARCH Volume 82 This Page Intentionally Left Blank Advances in CANCER RESEARCH Volume 82 Edited by George F. Vande Woude Van Andel Research Institute Grand Rapids, Michigan George Klein Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center Karolinska Institute Stockholm, Sweden San Diego San Francisco New York Boston London Sydney Tokyo ∞ This book is printed on acid-free paper.  C 2001 by ACADEMIC PRESS Copyright  All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Publisher. The appearance of the code at the bottom of the first page of a chapter in this book indicates the Publisher’s consent that copies of the chapter may be made for personal or internal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay the stated per copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, Massachusetts 01923), for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. Copy fees for pre-2001 chapters are as shown on the title pages. If no fee code appears on the title page, the copy fee is the same as for current chapters. 0065-230X/01 $35.00 Explicit permission from Academic Press is not required to reproduce a maximum of two figures or tables from an Academic Press chapter in another scientific or research publication provided that the material has not been credited to another source and that full credit to the Academic Press chapter is given. Academic Press A Harcourt Science and Technology Company 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, California 92101-4495, USA http://www.academicpress.com Academic Press Harcourt Place, 32 Jamestown Road, London NW1 7BY, UK http://www.academicpress.com International Standard Book Number: 0-12-006682-3 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 01 02 03 04 05 06 SB 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents Contributors to Volume 82 ix Retinoblastoma Protein Partners Erick J. Morris and Nicholas J. Dyson I. An Introduction to pRb-Binding Proteins 2 II. Potential pRb Partners 13 References 47 p53-Dependent Apoptosis Pathways Yan Shen and Eileen White I. II. III. IV. V. p53 56 Bcl-2 Family 62 Caspase Family 67 IAPs 74 p53-Mediated Apoptosis in Cancer Therapy 75 References 76 von Hippel-Lindau Disease: Clinical and Molecular Perspectives Steven C. Clifford and Eamonn R. Maher I. II. III. IV. The VHL Gene and VHL Disease 86 The VHL TSG and Sporadic Cancers 94 Functional Analysis of The VHL Tumor Suppressor Gene 95 Conclusion 101 References 101 v vi Contents Nitric Oxide-Induced Apoptosis in Tumor Cells Victor Umansky and Volker Schirrmacher I. II. III. IV. Introduction 108 NO and Antimetastatic Resistance 109 Mechanisms of NO-Mediated Apoptosis 116 Concluding Remarks 124 References 125 Detection of Minimal Residual Disease Gottfried Dolken ¨ I. II. III. IV. V. VI. Introduction 134