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HISTORICAL DICTIONARY OF THIRD EDITION TERRORISM SECOND EDITION SEAN K. ANDERSON with STEPHEN SLOAN HISTORICAL DICTIONARIES OF WAR, REVOLUTION, AND CIVIL UNREST Jon Woronoff, Series Editor 1. Afghan Wars, Revolutions, and Insurgencies, by Ludwig W. Adamec. 1996. Out of print. See No. 30. 2. The United States–Mexican War, by Edward H. Moseley and Paul C. Clark Jr. 1997. 3. World War I, by Ian V. Hogg. 1998. 4. The United States Navy, by James M. Morris and Patricia M. Kearns. 1998. 5. The United States Marine Corps, by Harry A. Gailey. 1998. 6. The Wars of the French Revolution, by Steven T. Ross. 1998. 7. The American Revolution, by Terry M. Mays. 1999. 8. The Spanish-American War, by Brad K. Berner. 1998. 9. The Persian Gulf War, by Clayton R. Newell. 1998. 10. The Holocaust, by Jack R. Fischel. 1999. 11. The United States Air Force and Its Antecedents, by Michael Robert Terry. 1999. 12. Civil Wars in Africa, by Guy Arnold. 1999. Out of print. See No. 34. 13. World War II: The War Against Japan, by Anne Sharp Wells. 1999. 14. British and Irish Civil Wars, by Martyn Bennett. 2000. 15. The Cold War, by Joseph Smith and Simon Davis. 2000. 16. Ancient Greek Warfare, by Iain Spence. 2002. 17. The Vietnam War, by Edwin E. Moïse. 2001. 18. The Civil War, by Terry L. Jones. 2002. 19. The Crimean War, by Guy Arnold. 2002. 20. The United States Army: A Historical Dictionary, by Clayton R. Newell. 2002. 21. Terrorism, Second Edition, by Sean K. Anderson and Stephen Sloan. 2002. Out of print. See No. 38. 22. The Chinese Civil War, by Edwin Pak-wah Leung. 2002. 23. The Korean War: A Historical Dictionary, by Paul M. Edwards. 2002. 24. The “Dirty Wars,” by David Kohut, Olga Vilella, and Beatrice Julian. 2003. 25. The Crusades, by Corliss K. Slack. 2003. 26. Ancient Egyptian Warfare, by Robert G. Morkot. 2003. 27. The French Revolution, by Paul R. Hanson. 2004. 28. Arms Control and Disarmament, by Jeffrey A. Larsen and James M. Smith. 2005. 29. The Russo-Japanese War, by Rotem Kowner. 2005. 30. Afghan Wars, Revolutions, and Insurgencies, Second Edition, by Ludwig W. Adamec. 2005. 31. The War of 1812, by Robert Malcomson. 2006. 32. The Arab-Israeli Conflict, by P. R. Kumaraswamy. 2006. 33. Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Warfare, by Benjamin C. Garrett and John Hart. 2007. 34. Civil Wars in Africa, Second Edition, by Guy Arnold. 2008. 35. The Northern Ireland Conflict, by Gordon Gillespie. 2008. 36. The Anglo-Boer War, by Fransjohan Pretorius. 2009. 37. The Zulu Wars, by John Laband. 2009. 38. Terrorism, Third Edition, by Sean K. Anderson with Stephen Sloan. 2009. Historical Dictionary of Terrorism Third Edition Sean K. Anderson with Stephen Sloan Historical Dictionaries of War, Revolution, and Civil Unrest, No. 38 The Scarecrow Press, Inc. Lanham, Maryland • Toronto • Plymouth, UK 2009 SCARECROW PRESS, INC. Published in the United States of America by Scarecrow Press, Inc. A wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706 www.scarecrowpress.com Estover Road Plymouth PL6 7PY United Kingdom Copyright © 2009 by Sean K. Anderson with Stephen Sloan All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Anderson, Sean, 1952– Historical dictionary of terrorism / Sean K. Anderson with Stephen Sloan. — 3rd ed. p. cm. — (Historical dictionaries of war, revolution, and civil unrest ; no. 38) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-8108-5764-3 (cloth : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-8108-6311-8 (eb