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The Centre on Conflict, Development and Peacebuilding
CCDP Working P aper
Role and Governance of Islamic Charitable Institutions:
The West Bank Zakat Committees (1977–2009) in the Local Context Emanuel Schäublin
ne
en
Li
e Gr
Jenin
WEST BANK Tubas Tulkarm
Qalqilyah
Nablus
MEDITERRANEAN SEA
Ramallah and Al Bireh Jericho
JORDAN
Tel Aviv
Green Line
Salfit
Jerusalem
ISRAEL
Deir Al Balah
ine nL
Gaza
SEA DEAD
WEST BANK
Gaza North
Hebron
Gr ee
GA
ZA
ST RI P
Bethlehem
Khan Younis
EGYPT
Rafah
0
kilometres Miles
30 20
This map is for illustrative purposes only (to indicate the borders of the various governorates) and does not imply an opinion on the political frontier. Note however that most governorates have been diminished in size by Israeli settlement construction and the Separation Barrier (for details see the maps of B’tselem, the Israeli Information Centre for Human Rights in the Occupied Palestinian Territories: ).
Role and Governance of Islamic Charitable Institutions:
The West Bank Zakat Committees (1977–2009) in the Local Context Emanuel Schäublin
2 Contents Executive summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Author’s acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Acronyms and Arabic terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Explanation of acronyms and terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Explanation of Arabic terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Note on spelling of Arabic words and translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7 7 7 7
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Literature review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1
Historical overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phase 1: until 1967 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phase 2: 1968 – 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phase 3: 1994 – 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phase 4: Hamas governs the PA (March 2006 – June 2007). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phase 5: Prime Minister Fayyad’s emergency cabinet (June 2007 – until present) . . . . . .
15 15 15 17 17 18
Zakat committees in the local context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .