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Contents UNIT I: Protein Structure and Function Chapter 1: Amino Acids 1 Chapter 2: Structure of Proteins 13 Chapter 3: Globular Proteins 25 Chapter 4: Fibrous Proteins 43 Chapter 5: Enzymes 53 UNIT II: Intermediary Metabolism Chapter 6: Chapter 7: Chapter 8: Chapter 9: Chapter 10: Chapter 11: Chapter 12: Chapter 13: Chapter 14: Bioenergetics and Oxidative Phosphorylation 69 Introduction to Carbohydrates 83 Glycolysis 89 Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle 107 Gluconeogenesis 115 Glycogen Metabolism 123 Metabolism of Monosaccharides and Disaccharides 135 Pentose Phosphate Pathway and NADPH 143 Glycosaminoglycans and Glycoproteins 155 UNIT III: Lipid Metabolism Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter 15: 16: 17: 18: Metabolism of Dietary Lipids 171 Fatty Acid and Triacylglycerol Metabolism 179 Complex Lipid Metabolism 199 Cholesterol and Steroid Metabolism 217 UNIT IV: Nitrogen Metabolism Chapter 19: Chapter 20: Chapter 21: Chapter 22: Amino Acids: Disposal of Nitrogen 243 Amino Acid Degradation and Synthesis 259 Conversion of Amino Acids to Specialized Products Nucleotide Metabolism 289 UNIT V: Integration of Metabolism Chapter 23: Chapter 24: Chapter 25: Chapter 26: Chapter 27: Chapter 28: Metabolic Effects of Insulin and Glucagon The Feed/Fast Cycle 319 Diabetes Mellitus 335 Obesity 347 Nutrition 355 Vitamins 371 305 UNIT VI: Storage and Expression of Genetic Information Chapter 29: Chapter 30: Chapter 31: Chapter 32: DNA Structure and Replication 393 RNA Structure and Synthesis 413 Protein Synthesis 429 Biotechnology and Human Disease 445 UNIT VII: Review of Biochemistry