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1. Report No. FHWA/TX-06/0-4085-1 Technical Report Documentation Page 2. Government 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. Accession No. 4. Title and Subtitle Alkali-Silica Reaction and Delayed Ettringite Formation in Concrete: A Literature Review 7. Author(s) Stacy Bauer, Brian Cornell, David Figurski, Tyler Ley, Jorge Miralles, and Dr. Kevin Folliard 5. Report Date July 2001, Rev. February 2006 6. Performing Organization Code 8. Performing Organization Report No. 0-4085-1 9. Performing Organization Name and Address Center for Transportation Research The University of Texas at Austin 3208 Red River, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78705-2650 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) 11. Contract or Grant No. 0-4085 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address Texas Department of Transportation Research and Technology Implementation Office P.O. Box 5080 Austin, TX 78763-5080 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Technical Report, 09/01/00 to 08/31/01 14. Sponsoring Agency Code 15. Supplementary Notes Project performed in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration. Project Title: Preventing Premature Concrete Deterioration due to ASR/DEF in New Concrete 16. Abstract Recently in Texas, there has been significant damage of field structures resulting from concrete durability problems. Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) and delayed ettringite formation (DEF), or combinations of the two, have been found to be the main causes of these problems. The term Premature Concrete Deterioration (PCD) has been adopted to refer to problems associated with ASR and DEF because it is often difficult to distinguish between them. The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) has designated nine mitigation options that are available to prevent or minimize PCD-related problems. Research is currently underway to document the performance of concrete using these mitigation options in the laboratory and in the field. One of the objectives of this research is to review the state of the art regarding ASR and DEF, with particular attention to mechanisms of damage, appropriate test methods, specifications, and performance-related issues. 17. Key Words Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR), Delayed Ettringite Formation (DEF) 18. Distribution Statement No restrictions. This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161; www.ntis.gov. 19. Security Classif. (of report) 20. Security Classif. (of this page) 21. No. of pages Unclassified Unclassified 74 Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed page authorized 22. Price Alkali-Silica Reaction and Delayed Ettringite Formation in Concrete: A Literature Review Stacy Bauer Brian Cornell David Figurski Tyler Ley Jorge Miralles Kevin Folliard CTR Technical Report: Report Date: Project: Project Title: Sponsoring Agency: Performing Agency: 0-4085-1 July 2001, Rev. February 2006 0-4085 Preventing Premature Concrete Deterioration due to ASR/DEF in New Concrete Texas Department of Transportation Center for Transportation Research at The University of Texas at Austin Project performed in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration. Center for Transportation Research The University of Texas at Austin 3208 Red River Austin, TX 78705 www.utexas.edu/research/ctr Copyright (c) 2006 Center for Transportation Research The University of Texas at Austin All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Disclaimers Author's Disclaimer: The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the Federal Highway Administration o