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CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 - CARBOHYDRATES 1.1. Estimation of reducing sugars 1.2. DNS Method 1.3. Estimation of total sugars 1.4. Phenol-sulphuric acid method 1.5. Estimation of non-reducing sugars 1.6. Estimation of starch 1.7. Estimation of cellulose 1.8. Estimation of hemicellulose 1.9. Estimation of crude fiber 1.10. Estimation of pectin substances - Colorimetric method CHAPTER 2- NITROGEN 2.1. Estimation of nitrogen 2.2. Estimation of non-protein nitrogen 2.3. Estimation of amino acids 2.4. Estimation of Protein - Biuret method 2.5. Estimation of protein - Lowry's Method 2.6. Estimation of soluble protein by Dye-binding method (Bradford's method) 2.7. Polyacrylamide-sodium dodecyl sulphate gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of proteins 2.8. Isolation of plant DNA 2.9. Extraction of RNA from plant 2.10. Estimation of DNA 2.11. Estimation of RNA 2.12. Isolation of Plasmids 2.13. Estimation of proline 2.14. Estimation of methionine 2.15. Estimation of lysine 2.16. Estimation of tryptophan 2.17. Pathogenesis-Related Proteins (PR-Proteins) 2.18. Estimation of Chloroplast Protein 2.19. Estimation of Heat Shock Proteins 2.20. Nitrogen Fractions CHAPTER 3 - PHOSPHORUS 3.1. Phosphorus Fractions 3.2. Phytin Phosphorus 3.3. Estimation of Phytic Acid CHAPTER 4 – FATS 4.1. Extraction of total lipids 4.2. Estimation of oil or crude fat 4.3. Isolation and estimation of free fatty acids 4.4. Estimation of free fatty acids or acid value of oil 4.5. Estimation of free fatty acids by colorimetry 4.6. Estimation of peroxide value of an oil or fat 4.7. Estimation of Iodine value of oil 4.8. Estimation of Saponification value / Saponification number of an oil or fat 4.9. Estimation of Oil by NMR Method CHAPTER 5 - ENZYMES 5.1. Extraction of enzyme 5.2. Amylases 5.3. Invertase ( -fructofuranosidase) 5.4. Deoxyribonuclease (DNase) 5.5. Urease 5.6. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEP carboxylase) 5.7. Glutamine Synthetase (GS) 5.8. Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GDH) 5.9. Glutamate Synthase (GOGAT) 5.10. Nitrate Reductase (NR) 5.11. Catalase 5.12. Polygalactouronase (PG) 5.13. Pectin Methyl Esterase (PME) 5.14. L-Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL) 5.15. Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) or DOPA oxidase 5.16. Indoleacetic Acid Oxidase (IAA oxidase) 5.17. Ascorbic Acid Oxidase 5.18. Pyruvate decarboxylase 5.19. Lipoxygenase (lipoxidase) 5.20. Nitrite reductase (NiR) 5.21. Peroxidase (POD) 5.22. Acid phosphatase 5.23. Succinate dehydrogenase 5.24. Estimation of nitrogenase activity 5.25. Estimation of Rubisco by Elisa 5.26. Estimation of Total Dehydrogenase Activity 5.27. Estimation of PEP – Carboxylase 5.28. Estimation of Ribonuclease Activity 5.29. Estimation of Super Oxide Dismutase, Catalase And Peroxidase 5.30. Estimation of Glycolate Oxidase Activity 5.31. Estimation of Lipid Peroxidation 5.32. Starch phosphorylase 5.33. Sucrose synthase (sucrose-6 phosphate ) 5.34. Isozymes in Plant Samples CHAPTER 6 - MINERAL NUTRITION 6.1. Estimation of Phosphorus 6.2. Estimation of Potassium 6.3. Estimation of Calcium and Magnesium 6.4. Estimation of Iron and Manganese 6.5. Plant Tissue Tests 6.6. Hydroponics CHAPTER 7 - PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS 7.1. Estimation of auxins (indole 3 acetic acid or IAA) 7.2. Bioassay of IAA 7.3. Estimation of Gibberellins by Calorimetry 7.4. Bioassay of Gibberllins - Amylase release test from seeds 7.5. Extraction and estimation of cytokinins by Chromotography 7.6. Bioassay of Cytokinin - Radish cotyledon test 7.7. Estimation of Cytokinin by ELISA 7.8. Abscisic acid 7.9. Bioassay of ABA - Inhibition of α-amylase synthesis in barley endosperm 7.10. Estimation of Abscissic Acid by ELISA 7.11. Estimation of Ethylene by Gas Chromotography 7.12. Estimation of Ethylene by Colorimetry 7.13. Bioassay of ethylene by Epinastic response 7.14. Triple pea test 7.15. Pea stem swelling test 7.16. Anthocyanin inhibition test 7.17. Chlorophyll retentio