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Littoral gastropods of the families Littorinidae and Muricidae are well studied compared to most marine taxa, yet there remain many basic problems concerning their taxonomy, ecology and evolutionary biology. In other words, we know these snails well enough to realize just how little we really know about them. This awareness prompted the First European Meeting on Littorinid Biology held at the British Museum in London on 26th November 1986, and the discussion continued through the Second Meeting on Littorinid Biology, held at the Tjarno Marine Biological Laboratory, Sweden, from 4th to 8th July 1988. During the Tjiirno meeting, it was agreed to have a third meeting at Dale, Pembroke shire, U.K. in 1990. Twenty-two people attended the Tjarno meeting, and a further ten contributed as co-authors to the papers that were presented. These covered research in progress in a broad range of topics, and geo graphical areas. Unfortunately, Cesare Sacchi and Domenico Voltolina, as well as Elisabeth Boulding were not able to attend the meeting in person, but their contributions were ably presented by David Reid and Richard Palmer, respectively. We also regret that one of us, C.E., and several of our Russian colleagues, did not have the opportunity to come.
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Progress in Littorinid and Muricid Biology Developments in Hydrobiology 56 Series editor H. J. Dumont Progress in Littorinid and Muricid Biology Proceedings of the Second European Meeting on Littorinid Biology, Tjarno Marine Biological Laboratory, Sweden, July 4-8, 1988 Edited by K. Johannesson, D. G. Raffaelli and C. J. Hannaford Ellis Reprinted from HVdrobiologia, vol. 193 (1990) . " Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht / Boston / London Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data European Meetlng on Littorinid Biology (2nd: 1988 : Tjarno Marine Biological Laboratory) Progress in littorinid and muricid biology: proceedings of the Second European Meeting on Littorinid Biology, Tjarno Marine Biological Laboratory, July 4-8, 1988 I edited by K. Johannesson, D.G. Raffaell i, and C.J. Hannaford Ell is. p. cm. -- (Developments in hydrobiology ; 56) "Reprinted from Hydrobiologia, vols. 193 (1990)." ISBN -13: 978-94-010-6741-6 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-0563-4 DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-0563-4 1. Littorina--Congresses. 2. Littorinidae--Congresses. 3. Muricidae--Congresses. I. Johannesson, K. (Kerst in) II. Raffaelli, D. G. (Dave G.) III. Ell is, C. J. Hannaford (Celia J. Hannaford) IV. Title. V. Series. QL430.5.L58E87 1988 594' .32--dc20 90-4234 CIP ISBN-13:978-94-010-6741-6 Published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, P.O. Box 17,3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Kluwer Academic Publishers incorporates the publishing programmes of D. Reidel, Martinus Nijhoff, Dr W. Junk and MTP Press. Sold and distributed in the U.S.A. and Canada by Kluwer Academic Publishers, 101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061, U.S.A. In all other countries, sold and distributed by Kluwer Academic Publishers GrouR, P.O. Box 322, 3200 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands Printed on acid-free paper. All Rights Reserved © 1990 Kluwer Academic Publishers Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1990 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owners. This volume is dedicated to Professor Vera Fretter, whose pioneering work on prosobranch biology has laid the foundations for all of us. Vl1 Contents Preface List of participants 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.