1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd. Ste 1800 Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899 BLOOD BANKING AND TRANSFUSION MEDICINE, Second Edition ISBN-13: 978-0-443-06981-9 ISBN-10: 0-443-06981-6 Copyright © 2007, 2003 by Churchill Livingstone, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Health Sciences Rights Department in Philadelphia, PA, USA: phone: (+1) 215 239 3804, fax: (+1) 215 239 3805, e-mail:
[email protected] You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (http://www.elsevier.com), by selecting ‘Customer Support’ and then ‘Obtaining Permissions’. Cover photo copyright T & K Image/Photo Researchers; with permission. Notice Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our knowledge, changes in practice, treatment and drug therapy may become necessary or appropriate. Readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner, relying on their own experience and knowledge of the patient, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the Editors assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising out or related to any use of the material contained in this book. The Publisher Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Blood banking and transfusion medicine: basic principles & practice / Christopher D. Hillyer … [et al.].—2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-443-06981-6 1. Blood—Transfusion. 2. Blood banks. I. Hillyer, Christopher D. II. Title. RM171.B583 2007 615′.39—dc22 2006048955 Acquisitions Editor: Dolores Meloni Developmental Editor: Kristina Oberle/Kim DePaul Project Manager: Bryan Hayward Design Direction: Steven Stave Prin