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Volume 50 highlights current areas of interest to both researchers and students of agronomy internationally. Areas covered include a thorough treatment of redox chemistry in soils, advances in agronomic improvement in oilseed brassicas, population groupings of soybean bradyrhizobia, crop responses to chloride, and plant nutrient sulfur in the tropics and subtropics. Key Features* Advances in agronomic improvement in oilseed brassicas* A comprehensive overview of population groupings of soybean bradyrhizobia* Details on crop responses to chloride* A thorough treatment of redox chemistry in soils* Plant nutrient sulfur in the tropics and subtropics
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VOLUME 50 d:. Advisory Board Martin Alexander Eugene J. Kamprath Cornell University North Carolina State University Kenneth J. Frey Larry P. Wilding Iowa State University Texas A&M University Prepared in cooperation with the American Society of Agronomy Monographs Committee M. A. Tabatabai, Chairman D. M. Kral S. E. Lingle R. J. Luxmoore W. T. Frankenberger, Jr. S. H. Anderson P. S. Baenziger G. A. Peterson S. R. Yates D V A N C E S IN Agronomy VOLUME 50 Edited by Donald L. Sparks Department of Plant and Soil Sciences University of Delaware Newark, Delaware ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. A Division of Harcourt Brace & Company San Diego New York Boston London Sydney Tokyo Toronto This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright 0 1993 by ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Academic Press, Inc. 1250 Sixth Avenue, San Diego. California 92101-431 1 United Kingdom Edition published by Academic Press Limited 24-28 Oval Road, London NW 1 7DX International Standard Serial Number: 0065-2 1 I3 International Standard Book Number: 0- 12-000750-9 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 93949596919X BB 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 I Contents CONTRIBUTORS .......................................... PREFACE ................................................ vii ix AGRONOMIC IMPROVEMENT IN OILSEED BRASSICAS 1. I1 . I11. IV . V. R . K . Downey and S. R . Rirnmer Introduction ............................................. Improving Yield .......................................... Improving Resistance to Pests ............................... Future Prospects.......................................... Summary and Conclusions .................................. References .............................................. 1 10 24 39 49 so POPULATION DIVERSITY GROUPINGS OF SOYBEANBRADYRHIZOBIA Jeffry J . Fuhrrnann 1. Introduction ............................................. I1 . Genotypic Groupings ..................................... Ill . Phenotypic Groupings ..................................... IV . Summary of Phenotypic and Genotypic Relationships ............ V . Taxonomic Srarus of Bradyrhizobium japonirum ................. VI . Concluding Remarks ...................................... References .............................................. 67 68 69 93 93 95 96 CROPRESPONSESTO CHLORIDE Paul E . Fixen I . Introduction ............................................. I1 . Chloride in Plants ........................................ Ill . Yield and Quality Responses to Chloride ...................... IV . Chloride Sources, Losses, and Application ...........