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This collection of papers, comments, and documents traces the distant and recent history of the Ebonics debate in the USA. The book examines how, despite increasing access to public education over the past century, schools continue to impose language standards and expectations on children that methodically privileges some, while disadvantaging others.
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Ebonics NEW PERSPECTIVES ON LANGUAGE AND EDUCATION Series Editor: Professor Viv Edwards, University of Reading, Reading, Great Britain Series Advisor: Professor Allan Luke, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Two decades of research and development in language and literacy education have yielded a broad, multidisciplinary focus. Yet education systems face constant economic and technological change, with attendant issues of identity and power, community and culture. This series will feature critical and interpretive, disciplinary and multidisciplinary perspectives on teaching and learning, language and literacy in new times. Recent Books in the Series Distance Education and Languages: Evolution and Change Börje Holmberg, Monica Shelley and Cynthia White (eds) Other Books of Interest Beyond the Beginnings: Literacy Interventions for Upper Elementary English Language Learners Angela Carrasquillo, Stephen B. Kucer and Ruth Abrams Bilingualism and Language Pedagogy Janina Brutt-Griffler and Manka Varghese (eds) Continua of Biliteracy: An Ecological Framework for Educational Policy, Research, and Practice in Multilingual Settings Nancy H. Hornberger (ed.) Language and Literacy Teaching for Indigenous Education: A Bilingual Approach Norbert Francis and Jon Reyhner Language Learning and Teacher Education: A Sociocultural Approach Margaret R. Hawkins (ed.) Language Strategies for Bilingual Families Suzanne Barron-Hauwaert Language Minority Students in the Mainstream Classroom (2nd edn) Angela L. Carrasquillo and Vivian Rodríguez Learners’ Experiences of Immersion Education: Case Studies of French and Chinese Michèle de Courcy Making Sense in Sign: A Lifeline for a Deaf Child Jenny Froude Multilingual Classroom Ecologies Angela Creese and Peter Martin (eds) A Parents’ and Teachers’ Guide to Bilingualism Colin Baker Power, Prestige and Bilingualism: International Perspectives on Elite Bilingual Education Anne-Marie de Mejía Understanding Deaf Culture: In Search of Deafhood Paddy Ladd For more details of these or any other of our publications, please contact: Multilingual Matters, Frankfurt Lodge, Clevedon Hall, Victoria Road, Clevedon, BS21 7HH, England http://www.multilingual-matters.com NEW PERSPECTIVES ON LANGUAGE AND EDUCATION Series Editor: Viv Edwards Ebonics The Urban Education Debate Second Edition Edited by J. David Ramirez, Terrence G. Wiley, Gerda de Klerk, Enid Lee and Wayne E. Wright MULTILINGUAL MATTERS LTD Clevedon • Buffalo • Toronto Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Ebonics: The Urban Education Debate. 2nd ed./Edited by J. David Ramirez ... [et al.]. New Perspectives on Language and Education Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. African Americans–Education. 2. English language–Study and teaching–African American students. 3. Black English. 4. Language and education–Social aspects–United States. I. Ramirez, J. David. II. Series. LC2778.L34E26 2005 427'.973'08996073–dc22 2004017325 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue entry for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 1-85359-797-X (hbk) ISBN 1-85359-796-1 (pbk) Multilingual Matters Ltd UK: Frankfurt Lodge, Clevedon Hall, Victoria Road, Clevedon BS21 7HH. USA: UTP, 2250 Military Road, Tonawanda, NY 14150, USA. Canada: UTP, 5201 Dufferin Street, North York, Ontario M3H 5T8, Canada. Copyright © 2005 J. D. Ramirez, T.G. Wiley, G. de Klerk, E. Lee, W.E. Wright and the authors