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Schizophrenia may not be a single disease, but the result of a diverse set of related conditions. Modern neuroscience is beginning to reveal some of the genetic and environmental underpinnings of schizophrenia; however, an approach less well travelled is to examine the medical disorders that produce symptoms resembling schizophrenia. This book is the first major attempt to bring together the diseases that produce what has been termed 'secondary schizophrenia'. International experts from diverse backgrounds ask the questions: does this medical disorder, or drug, or condition cause psychosis? If yes, does it resemble schizophrenia? What mechanisms form the basis of this relationship? What implications does this understanding have for aetiology and treatment? The answers are a feast for clinicians and researchers of psychosis and schizophrenia. They mark the next step in trying to meet the most important challenge to modern neuroscience - understanding and conquering this most mysterious of human diseases.
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Secondary Schizophrenia
Secondary Schizophrenia Edited by Perminder S. Sachdev Scientia Professor of Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales Director, Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick New South Wales, Australia
Consulting Editor Matcheri S. Keshavan Stanley Cobb Professor and Vice Chair for Public Psychiatry Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts, USA
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521856973 © Cambridge University Press 2010 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published in print format 2010 ISBN-13
978-0-511-78927-4
eBook (NetLibrary)
ISBN-13
978-0-521-85697-3
Hardback
Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Every effort has been made in preparing this publication to provide accurate and up-to-date information which is in accord with accepted standards and practice at the time of publication. Although case histories are drawn from actual cases, every effort has been made to disguise the identities of the individuals involved. Nevertheless, the authors, editors and publishers can make no warranties that the information contained herein is totally free from error, not least because clinical standards are constantly changing through research and regulation. The authors, editors and publishers therefore disclaim all liability for direct or consequential damages resulting from the use of material contained in this publication. Readers are strongly advised to pay careful attention to information provided by the manufacturer of any drugs or equipment that they plan to use.
Contents List of contributors Preface xiii
page vii
Section 1 – Introduction 1
Neurobiology and etiology of primary schizophrenia: current status 3 Matcheri S. Keshavan and Ripu D. Jindal
2
The concept of organicity and its application to schizophrenia 16 Perminder S. Sach