Media, Bureaucracies, And Foreign Aid: A Comparative Analysis Of United States, The United Kingdom, Canada, France And Japan (advances In Foreign Policy Analysis)

MEDIA, BUREAUCRACIES AND FOREIGN AID This page intentionally left blank MEDIA, BUREAUCRACIES AND FOREIGN AID:A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE UNITED STATES,THE UNITED KINGDOM, CANADA, FRANCE AND JAPAN By Douglas A.Van Belle, Jean-Sébastien Rioux and David M. Potter MEDIA, BUREAUCRACIES AND FOREIGN AID © Douglas A. Van Belle, Jean-Sébastien Rioux and David M. Potter, 2004 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. First published 2004 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN™ 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 and Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England RG21 6XS Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 1–4039–6284–7 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Van Belle, Douglas A., 1965– Media, bureaucracies and foreign aid : a comparative analysis of the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, France and Japan / by Douglas A. Van Belle, Jean-Sébastien Rioux and David M. Potter. p. cm. (Advances in foreign policy analysis) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1–4039–6284–7 1. Economic assistance—Press coverage—Cross-cultural studies. 2. Bureaucracy—Cross-cultural studies. I. Rioux, Jean-Sébastien. II. Potter, David M., 1960– III. Title. IV. Series. HC60.V3526 2004 338.91—dc22 2003058087 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: April 2004 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America. CONTENTS List of Tables Acknowledgments vi viii 1. Introduction:The Convergence of Three Areas of Study 1 2. Foreign Aid, Foreign Policy and Bureaucratic Politics: Theories and Policy Motives 7 3. A Baseline for Further Analysis: News Media Coverage and Levels of U.S. Development Aid 35 4. A First Point of Comparison: News Coverage and British Foreign Aid 51 5. A Trusted, Elite Bureaucracy: News Coverage and French Foreign Aid 65 6. The Challenge of a Disaggregated Aid Program: News Media Coverage and Japanese Development Aid 79 7. The Multilingual Context of a Smaller Power: News Media Coverage and Canadian Development Aid 103 8. An Event-Driven Aid Program: News Media Coverage and U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance 119 9. Bureaucracy, Democracy, the Media and Foreign Aid 137 Notes 147 References 157 Index 175 LIST OF TABLES 3.1 Effect of New York Times coverage on commitments of U.S. development assistance, 1985–1995 3.2 Effect of New York Times content on commitments of U.S. development assistance, 1985–1995 3.3 Effect of network television coverage on commitments of U.S. development assistance, 1985–1995 4.1 Effect of Times (London) coverage on commitments of British development assistance, 1985–1995 4.2 Effect of Times (London) content on commitments of British development assistance, 1985–1995 4.3 Effect of Guardian (London) coverage on commitments of British development assistance, 1991–1995 5.1 Effect of Le Monde coverage on commitments of French development assistance, 1985–1995 5.2 Effect of Le Monde coverage content on commitments of French development assistance, 1985–1995 6.1 Agencies relevant to the administration of Japanese official development