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This book grew from a series of lectures presented in 1983 in the context of the Summer Program in Phenomenology at The Pennsylvania State University. For these lectures I made use of notes and short essays which I had written between 1978 and 1982 during interdisciplinary seminars on Heidegger's later philosophy in general, and on his philosophy of language and art in particular. The participants in these seminars consisted of faculty members and graduate students concerned with the sciences, the arts, literature, literary criticism, art history, art education, and philosophy. On both occasions I made a special effort to introduce those who did not yet have a specialized knowledge of Heidegger's philosophy, to his later way of thinking. In this effort I was guided by the conviction that we, as a group, had to aim for accuracy, precision, clarity, faithfulness, and depth, while at the same time taking distance, comparing Heidegger's views with ideas of other philosophers and thinkers, and cultivat ing a proper sense of criticism. Over the years it has become clear to me that among professional philoso phers, literary critics, scholars concerned with art history and art education, and scientists from various disciplines, there are many who are particularly interested in "Heidegger's philosophy of art". I have also become convinced that many of these dedicated scholars often have difficulty in understanding Heidegger's lectures on art and art works. This is understandable.
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PHAENOMENOLOGICA COLLECTION FONDEE PAR H.L. VAN BREDA ET PUBLIEE SOUS LE PATRONAGE DES CENTRES D'ARCHIVES-HUSSERL
99 JOSEPH J. KOCKELMANS HEIDEGGER ON ART AND ART WORKS
Comite de redaction de la collection: President: S. Usseling (Leuven) Membres: L. Landgrebe (Köln), W. Marx (Freiburg i. Br.), J.N. Mohanty (Oklahoma), P. Ricoeur (Paris), E. Stroker (Köln), J. Taminiaux (Louvain-La-Neuve), Secretaire: J. Taminiaux
HEIDEGGER ON ART AND ART WORKS JOSEPH J. KOCKELMANS
1986 MARTINUS NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS a member of the KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP DORDRECHT / BOSTON / LANCASTER
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Distributors
for the United States and Canada: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 190 Old Derby Street, Hingham, MA 02043, USA for the UK and Ireland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, MTP Press Limited, Falcon House, Queen Square, Lancaster LAI 1RN, UK for all other countries: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Distribution Center, P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 84-22687
ISBN 90-247-3102-X (this volume) ISBN 90-247-2339-6 (series) First edition 1985 Second printing 1986
Copyright
© 1985 by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, P.O. Box 163, 3300 AD Dordrecht, The Netherlands. PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS
CONTENTS
List of Symbols Used
IX
Preface
XI
PART I. Some Observations on the History ofAesthetics and on the Manner in which Heidegger Has Tried to Retrieve Some of its Essential Moments
1
§ 1. Introduction. Aesthetics: The Discipline and the Name
3
CHAPTER I. The Classical Conceptions of Beauty and Art § 2. Plato's Conception of Beauty and Art § 3. From Aristotle to the Middle Ages a) The Aesthetics of Aristotle b) The Stoics and the Eclectics on "Aesthetics" c) Plotinus d) St. Augustine § 4. The Middle Ages and the Renaissance a) Medieval Aesthetics. Aquinas b) The Renaissance
5 10 10 13 IS 16 17 17 20
CHAPTER II. Modern Aesthetics § 5. Baumga