Electrical Circuit Theory And Technology, Third Edition (electrical Circuit Theory And Technology)

Electrical Circuit Theory and Technology In Memory of Elizabeth Electrical Circuit Theory and Technology Third edition John Bird BSc(Hons), CEng, CSci, CMath, FIET, MIEE, FIIE, FIMA, FCollT AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEW YORK • OXFORD PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Newnes is an imprint of Elsevier Newnes is an imprint of Elsevier Science Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, UK 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA First published 1997 Second edition 2001 Reprinted 2002 Revised second edition 2003 Third edition 2007 Copyright © 1997, 2001, 2007, John Bird. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved The right of John Bird to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (+44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (+44) (0) 1865 853333; email: [email protected] Alternatively you can submit your request online by visiting the Elsevier web site at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions, and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress ISBN-13: 978 0 7506 8139 1 For information on all Newnes publications visit our website at www.newnespress.com Typeset by Charon Tec Ltd (A Macmillan Company), Chennai, India www.charontec.com Printed and bound in Great Britain Contents Preface Part 1 1 xi Basic electrical engineering principles Units associated with basic electrical quantities 1.1 SI units 1.2 Charge 1.3 Force 1.4 Work 1.5 Power 1.6 Electrical potential and e.m.f. 1.7 Resistance and conductance 1.8 Electrical power and energy 1.9 Summary of terms, units and their symbols 2 An introduction to electric circuits 2.1 Standard symbols for electrical components 2.2 Electric current and quantity of electricity 2.3 Potential difference and resistance 2.4 Basic electrical measuring instruments 2.5 Linear and non-linear devices 2.6 Ohm’s law 2.7 Multiples and sub-multiples 2.8 Conductors and insulators 2.9 Electrical power and energy 2.10 Main effects of electric current 2.11 Fuses 4.9 Safe disposal of batteries 4.10 Fuel cells 4.11 Alternative and renewable energy sources 1 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 27 5 Series and parallel networks 5.1 Series circuits 5.2 Potential divider 5.3 Parallel networks 5.4 Current division 5.5 Relative and absolute voltages 5.6 Wiring lamps in series and in parallel 28 28 29 31 33 36 38 6 Capacitors and capacitance 6.1 Introduction to capacitors 6.2 Electrostatic field 6.3 Electric field strength 6.4 Capacitance 6.5 Capacitors 6.6 Electric flux density 6.7 Permittivity 6.8 The parallel plate capacitor 6.9 Capacitors co