Transnational Crime In The Americas

TRANSNATIONAL CRIME IN THE AMERICAS TRANSNATIONAL CRIME IN THE AMERICAS An Inter-American Dialogue Book Tom Farer, Editor ROUTLEDGE New York & London Published in 1999 by Routledge 29 West 35th Street New York, NY 10001 This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” Published in Great Britain in 1999 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE Copyright © 1999 by Routledge Design: Jack Donner All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system without permission in writing from the publishers. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Transnational crime in the Americas: an inter-American dialogue book/edited by Tom Farer. p. cm. ISBN 0-415-92300-X (cloth).—ISBN 0-415-92301-8 (pbk.) 1. Transnational crime. I.Farer, Tom. J. HV6252.T72 1999 364.1'35'097–dc21 99–17455 CIP ISBN 0-203-80054-0 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-80057-5 (Adobe eReader Format) For Kieran and Paola, at the beginning of their great journey CONTENTS Acknowledgments Tom Farer vii Preface Michael Shifter viii Introduction Tom Farer x 1 TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME: AN OVERVIEW Rensselaer W.Lee III 1 2 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME, NATIONAL SECURITY, AND THE “MARKET STATE” Gregory F.Treverton 39 3 OFFSHORE MONEY Jack A.Blum 59 4 SMUGGLING WARS: LAW ENFORCEMENT AND LAW EVASION IN A CHANGING WORLD Peter Andreas 87 5 TRANSNATIONAL CRIMINAL ENTERPRISE: THE EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVE Elizabeth Joyce 101 6 THE IMPACT OF THE ILLEGAL DRUG INDUSTRY ON COLOMBIA Francisco E.Thoumi 119 7 THE DECENTRALIZATION IMPERATIVE AND CARIBBEAN CRIMINAL ENTERPRISES Anthony P.Maingot 145 8 TRANSNATIONAL CRIMINAL ORGANIZATIONS IN BOLIVIA Eduardo A.Gamarra 173 vi 9 10 SEMIORGANIZED INTERNATIONAL CRIME: DRUG TRAFFICKING IN MEXICO Peter H.Smith 195 BAD BUSINESS: A COMMENTARY ON THE CRIMINOLOGY OF ORGANIZED CRIME IN THE UNITED STATES Alan A.Block 219 Conclusion FIGHTING TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME: MEASURES SHORT OF WAR Tom Farer 247 Contributors Index 299 303 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Without the unstinting support of Peter Hakim and Michael Shifter, respectively President and Senior Fellow of the Inter-American Dialogue, the inquiry that culminates with this book would not have advanced beyo