Drugs In Sport 3rd Edition

Drugs in Sport Drugs in Sport Third Edition Edited by David R. Mottram London and New York First published 1988 Second edition 1996 Third edition 2003 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor and Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” © 1988, 1996, 2003 David R. Mottram for selection and editorial matter; individual chapters the contributors All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalogue record has been requested ISBN 0-203-47189-X Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-78013-2 (Adobe eReader Format) ISBN 0-415-27937-2 (hbk) ISBN 0-415-24886-8 (pbk) Contents Contributors 1 An introduction to drugs and their use in sport ix 1 David R. Mottram 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 Definition of a drug Classification and description of drug names Development of new drugs Dosage forms for drug delivery to the body The absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of drugs Effect of exercise on pharmacokinetics Drugs and their targets Agonists and antagonists Side-effects of drugs Complex drug reactions Drugs and the law Nutritional supplements Why drugs are used in sport References 2 Drug use and abuse in sport 1 1 3 4 5 9 9 10 11 13 14 16 20 26 29 Michele Verroken 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Historical perspective Definition of doping A review of the IOC list of doping classes and methods The rationale for drug misuse in sport Attitudes towards drugs in sport Ethical issues associated with drug use in sport An international policy perspective/government action and policy References 29 32 34 39 51 52 55 61 vi Contents 3 Central nervous system stimulants 63 Alan J. George 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Introduction Amphetamines Other sympathomimetics – ephedrine, pseudoephedrine and phenylpropanolamine Cocaine Caffeine, theophylline and other methyl xanthines Conclusions and the future References