Theorizing In Social Psychology

ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY VOLUME 17 Theorizing in Social Psychology: Special Topics CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 17 Nancy Cantor Shelly Chaiken Joel Cooper John F. Dovidio Alice H. Eagly Russell H. Fazio Kenneth J. Gergen Linda J. Keil John F. Kihlstrom Roderick M. Kramer Howard Leventhal Charles G. McClintock ADVANCES IN Experimental Social Psychology EDITED BY Leonard Berkowitz DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON MADISON, WISCONSIN I VOLUME 17 Theorizing in Social Psychology: Special Topics ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers) Orlando San Diego New York London Toronto Montreal Sydney Tokyo COPYRIGHT @ 1984, BY ACADEMIC PRESS,INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMIlTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC O R MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY, RECORDING, OR ANY INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER. ACADEMIC PRESS. INC. Orlando, Florida 32887 United Kingdom Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS, I N C . (LONDON) LTD. 24/28 Oval Road, London N W l 7DX LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER:6 I S B N 0-12-015217-7 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 84 85 86 87 9 8 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 4 - 23 4 52 CONTENTS ..................................................... .......................................................... Contributors Preface ix Xi Mental Representations of the Self John F . Kihlstrom and Nancy Cantor 1. I1 . 111. IV . V. VI . VII . VIII . Cognitive and Social Processes in Personality ......... ............... The Self-concept in a System of Social Concepts . . . . . . ............... How Many Selves Have We? ....................... ............... The Self-concept in a System of Social Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ Assessment of the Self-concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ............... Acquisition of the Self-concept ..................... . . ................ Is the Self Unique? ............................... What Is Missing? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4 10 13 20 25 29 37 40 Theory of the Self: Impasse and Evolution Kenneth J . Gergen I. I1. 111. IV . V. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................. The Place of Observation in Self-Research .............................. Evolution in the Concept of the Self ................................... The Limitations of “the Concept” in Psychological Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . From Self-concept to the Ethnopsychology of Self . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 52 60 87 97 101 A Perceptual-Motor Theory of Emotion Howard Leventhai 1. I1 . Goals for an Emotion Model ......................................... Past Theories ...................................................... V 118 120 vi CONTENTS I11 . IV . V. VI . VII . The Perceptual-Motor Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Elaboration of the Model ............................................ Relationships between the Processing Systems ............. New Directions in Emotion Theory .....