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ADVANCES IN
Immunology
V O L U M E 31
CONTRIBUTORS T O THIS VOLUME
HOWARD FLEIT PAULW. KINCADE ROBERT W. KOZAK IRAS. MELLMAN CHARLES E. MOODY, JR. FRANCIS W. RUSCETTI KENDALL A. SMITH EMIL R. UNANUE JAY C. UNKELESS MARC E. WEKSLER
ADVANCES IN
Immunology E D I T E D BY
HENRY G. KUNKEL
FRANK J. DIXON
The Rockefeller University New Yo&, New Yo&
Scripps Clinic ond Reseorch Foundotion l o Jolla, California
V O L U M E 31
1981
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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARDNUMBER:61-17057 ISBN 0-12-022431-3 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 81 82 83 84
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CONTENTS USTOF CONTFUBUTORS .................................................... PREFACE...................................................................
vii ix
The Regulatory Role of Macrophages in Antigenic Stimulation Part Two Symbiotic Relationship between Lymphocytes and Macrophages
EMIL R . UNANUE I . Historical
............................................................ ........................ 111. Basis for Macrophage Regulation ....................................... IV. Conclusions .......................................................... References ........................................................... I1. Analysis of the Regulatory Role of Macraphages
1 4 56
118 121
T-611 G r m h Factor and the Culture of Cloned Functional T Cells mNDALL
A . SMITH AND FRANCIS w. RUSCETTI
I . Introduction
.......................................................... .........................................
I1. Lymphocyte-Activating Factor
111. T-cell Growth Factor
.................................................
IV. The Initiation. Clonal Derivation. and Maintenance of Functional T-cell Lines .......................................................... V. The Functional Implications of TCGF .................................. VI . Conclusion ........................................................... References ...........................................................
137 141 149 161 169 172 173
Formation of B Lymphocytes in Fetal and Aduh Life
PAULW. KINCADE
I . Introduction .......................................................... I1. Some Definitions ..................................................... 111. Expression of Immunoglobulin Genes .................................. IV. Cloning Assays for Functional B Cells .................................. V. Formation of B Cells in Cell-Transfer Assays ............................ VI . Relationship between B-Lymphocyte Precursors and Other Hematopoietic Lineages ............................................... VII . Formation and Maturation of B Cells in Culture ......................... VIII. Microenvironments for B-Lymphocyte Formation ....................... I X. Antigens Expressed on B-Lymphocyte Precursors ....................... V
177 178 181 185 189 192 199 e07 215
vi
CONTENTS
X . Functional Heterogeneity of B Lymphocytes-Specia