E-Book Overview
This book should be thought of as having three sections: First, an opinionated history of Rwanda, in which Ulvin shortcuts some highly politicized debates by simply stating his opinion as to, for example, the actual origin of the Hutu and Tutsi groups. This section continues through 1994, and is the strongest part of the book. Second, the book contains a long rumination of the complicity of nongovernmental organizations and aid groups in Rwanda's racial turmoil and genocide. This would have been a good three page discussion, here spread over about 90 pages. Finally, there is a sociological examination of the roots of the Rwandan genocide. Where Ulvin points out the weaknesses in popular theories, this is worthwhile. Unfortunately, too much reads like a college paper and contains little of value for a reader. Overall, the history section redeems the book. The book is certainly useful for those interested in Rwanda, probably less useful to those interested in racial violence generally.
E-Book Content
AIDING VIOLENCE
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AIDING VIOLENCE The Development Enterprise in Rwanda
Peter Uvin
Kumarian Press
To Spes-Caritas Nurwaha and Hermenegilde Runambi, whose courage, generosity, and humor will always be with me. May they rest in peace.
Aiding Violence: The Development Enterprise in Rwanda. Published 1998 in the United States of America by Kumarian Press, Inc., 14 Oakwood Avenue, West Hartford, Connecticut 06119-2127 USA. Copyright © 1998 Kumarian Press, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission of the publisher. Production supervised by Jenna Dixon Copyedited by Linda Lotz Typeset by CompuDesign Text design by Jenna Dixon Proofread by Beth Richards Index by L. Pilar Wyman The text of this book is set in 10/13 Adobe Sabon. The display type is Agfa Bodega Sans. Printed in Canada on acid-free paper by Transcontinental Printing and Graphics. Text printed with vegetable oil-based ink. ∞ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Uvin, Peter, 1962– Aiding violence : the development enterprise in Rwanda / Peter Uvin. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-56549-083-5 (pbk. : alk. paper). — ISBN 1-56549-084-3 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Genocide—Rwanda—History—20th century. 2. Rwanda—Ethnic relations. 3. Economic assistance—Rwanda—History—20th century. 4. Rwanda—Economic conditions. 5. Tutsi (African people)—Crimes against—Rwanda—History—20th century. I. Title. DT450.435.U95 1998 967.57104—dc21 98-22652 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 99 98
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1st Printing 1998
CONTENTS
Illustrations Preface
vii viii
Introduction
1
Part I Background 1 Rwanda before Independence: A Contested History 2
After Independence: Strategies f