Industrial Boilers And Heat Recovery Steam Generators: Design, Applications, And Calculations

Industrial Boilers and Heat Recovery Steam Generators Design, Applications, and Calculations V. Ganapathy ABCO Industries Abilene, Texas, U.S.A. Marcel Dekker, Inc. TM Copyright © 2003 Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York • Basel ISBN: 0-8247-0814-8 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Headquarters Marcel Dekker, Inc. 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 tel: 212-696-9000; fax: 212-685-4540 Eastern Hemisphere Distribution Marcel Dekker, AG Hutgasse 4, Postfach 812, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland tel: 41-61-260-6300; fax: 41-61-260-6333 World Wide Web http:==www.dekker.com The publisher offers discounts on this book when ordered in bulk quantities. For more information, write to Special Sales=Professional Marketing at the headquarters address above. Copyright # 2003 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Current printing (last digit): 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Copyright © 2003 Marcel Dekker, Inc. To all professionals involved in steam generation and energy conservation. Copyright © 2003 Marcel Dekker, Inc. Preface The role of boilers and heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) in the industrial economy has been profound. Boilers form the backbone of power plants, cogeneration systems, and combined cycle plants. There are few process plants, refineries, chemical plants, or electric utilities that do not have a steam plant. Steam is the most convenient working fluid for industrial processing, heating, chilling, and power generation applications. Fossil fuels will continue to be the dominant energy providers for years to come. This book is about steam generators, HRSGs, and related systems. There are several excellent books on steam generation and boilers, and each has been successful in emphasizing certain aspects of boilers and related topics such as mechanical design details, metallurgy, corrosion, constructional aspects, maintenance, or operational issues. This book is aimed at providing a different perspective on steam generators and is biased toward thermal and process design aspects of package boilers and HRSGs. (The terms ‘‘waste heat boiler’’ and ‘‘HRSG’’ are used in the same context.) My emphasis on thermal engineering aspects of steam generators reinforced by hundreds of worked-out real-life examples pertaining to boilers, HRSGs, and related systems will be of interest to engineers involved in a broad field of steam generator–related activities such as consulting, design, performance evaluation, and operation. Copyright © 2003 Marcel Dekker, Inc. During the last three decades I have had the opportunity to design hundreds of package boilers and several hundred waste heat boilers that are in operation in the U.S. and abroad. Based on my experience in reviewing numerous specifications of boilers and HRSGs, I feel that consultant