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Semitic Series
DEVELOPMENT OF
MUSLIM THEOLOGY, JURISPRUDENCE AND CONSTITUTIONAL THEORY BY
DUNCAN
B.
MACDONALD,
M.A., B.D.
SERIES
OF HAND-BOOKS
IN
SEMITICS
EDITED BY
JAMES ALEXANDER CRAIG PROFESSOR OF SEMITIC LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES AND HELLENISTIC GREEK IN THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN research has stimulated an increasing inamong scholars, students, and the It has provided us with a serious reading public generally. picture of a hitherto unknown civilization, and a history of one of the great branches of the human family.
Recent
scientific
terest in Semitic studies
The
object of the present Series
is
to state
its
results in
Each work is complete in itself, and popularly scientific form. the Series, taken as a whole, neglects no phase of the general subject. Each contributor is a specialist in the subject as signed him, and has been chosen from the body of eminent Semitic scholars in Europe and in this country. This Series will be composed of the following volumes I.
II.
:
HEBREWS. History and Government. By Professor J. F. McCurdy, University of Toronto, Canada. HEBREWS. Ethics and Religion. By Professor Archi bald Duff, Airedale College, Bradford, England.
[Now Ready. The Social Life. By the Rev. Edward [Now Ready. Day, Springfield, Mass. IV. BABYLONIANS AND ASSYRIANS, with introductory chap ter on the Sumerians. History to the Fall of Baby lon. By Dr. Hugo Winckler, University of Berlin. [In Press. V. BABYLONIANS AND ASSYRIA NS. Religion. By Professor of A. J. Craig, University Michigan. VI. BABYLONIANS AND ASSYRIANS. Life and Customs. By Professor A. H. Sayce, University of Oxford, England. III.
HEBREWS.
[Now Ready. BABYLONIANS AND ASSYRIANS. Excavations and Ac count of Decipherment of Inscriptions. VIII. SYRIA AND PALESTINE. Early History. By Professor VII.
Lewis Bayles Paton, Hartford Theological Seminary.
IX.
[Now Ready. DEVELOPMENT OF MUSLIM THEOLOGY, JURISPRUDENCE AND CONSTITUTIONAL THEORY. By Professor D. B. Macdonald, Hartford Theological Seminary.
[Now Ready. The
following volumes are to be included in the Series, and others may be added :
History and Government^ including and Religion. XI. ARABIA, Discoveries in, and History and Religion X. PHOENICIA.
Colonies, Trade,
until Muhammad. XII. ARABIC LITERATURE AND SCIENCE SINCE MUHAMMAD. XIII. THE INFLUENCE OF SEMITIC ART AND MYTHOLOGY ON
WESTERN NATIONS.
Semitic Secies
DEVELOPMENT OF
Muslim Theology, Jurisprudence
and Constitutional Theory
BY
DUNCAN
B.
MACDONALD,
M.A., B.D.
SOMETIME SCHOLAR AND FELLOW OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW PROFESSOR OF SEMITIC LANGUAGES IN HARTFORD THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY ;
NEW YORK CHARLES SCRIBNER S SONS 1903
\4\
COPYRIGHT, 1903, BY
CHARLES SCRIBNER S SONS Published)
March, 1903
8 6 9 4 7
TROW DIRECTORY PRINTING AND BOOKBINDING COMPANY
NEW YORK
MEMORLE MATRIS SACRVM
PREFACE with very great diffidence that I send out this Of the lack and need of some text-book of the kind there can be little doubt. From the ed ucated man who wishes to read with intelligence his Arabian Nights to the student of history or of
IT
is
book.
"
"
law or of theology who wishes to know how it has gone in such matters with the great Muslim world, is demand enough and to spare. Still graver the difficulty for the growing body of young men who are taking up the study of Arabic. In English or German or French there is no book to which a<