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The "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders," more commonly known as the DSM, is published by the American Psychiatric Association, listing and describing all mental disorders. The publication of DSM-5 in 2013 brought many changes. "Diagnosing the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5" is written for all those who wonder whether the DSM-5 now classifies the right people in the right way. It is aimed at patients, mental health professionals, and academics with an interest in mental health. Issues addressed include: What are the main changes that have been made to the classification? How is the DSM affected by financial links with the pharmaceutical industry? To what extent were patients involved in revising the classification? How are diagnoses added to the DSM? Does medicalization threaten the idea that anyone is normal? What happens when changes to diagnostic criteria mean that people lose their diagnoses? How important will the DSM be in the future?
E-Book Content
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DIAGNOSING THE DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS
DIAGNOSING THE DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS
Rachel Cooper
KARN
AC
First published in 2014 by Karnac Books Ltd 118 Finchley Road London NW3 5HT Copyright©
2014 by Rachel Cooper
The right of Rachel Cooper to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with §§ 77 and 78 of the Copyright Design and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. British Library Cataloguing
in Publication
A C.I.P. for this book is available
ISBN-13: 978-1-85575-825-4
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CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Vll
ABOUT THE AUTHOR INTRODUCING
Vlll
ix
THE DSM
CHAPTER ONE
DSM-5: an overview of changes
1
CHAPTER TWO
Controversies of process: the DSM and the pharmaceutical industry
13
CHAPTER THREE
Controversies of process: transparency and patient involvement
21
CHAPTER FOUR
Issues of content: the birth of a new diagnosis-hoarding disorder
v
31
VI
CONTENTS
CHAPTER FIVE
Issues of content: the changing limits of autistic spectrum disorders
40
CHAPTER SIX
The field trials: DSM-5 and the new crisis of reliability
49
CHAPTER SEVEN
The future
56
REFERENCES
62
INDEX
75
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Many people have helped me in writing this book. I owe particular thanks to the publishers, Karnac, who suggested the project. The American Psychiatric Association gave me access to its archives relating to the DSM-III and DSM-IV. Gary McMillan, archivist at the American Psychiatric Association, was generous both with muscle and brainpower. He shifted many boxes of files and helped me make sense of their contents. The British Academy funded this research. A mid-career fellowship paid for my visit to the archives, and also funded my study leave while this book was written. Rowan Hildebrand-Chupp introduced me to the wonders of The Wayback Machine, an internet archive site. Victoria AllisonBolger, Sam Fellowes, Sara Mellen and Mariana Salcedo read drafts and made m