ENTREPRENEURSHIP – BORN, MADE AND EDUCATED
Edited by Thierry Burger-Helmchen
ENTREPRENEURSHIP – BORN, MADE AND EDUCATED Edited by Thierry Burger-Helmchen
Entrepreneurship – Born, Made and Educated Edited by Thierry Burger-Helmchen
Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. As for readers, this license allows users to download, copy and build upon published chapters even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Marina Jozipovic Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer InTech Design Team First published March, 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from
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Entrepreneurship – Born, Made and Educated, Edited by Thierry Burger-Helmchen p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0210-6
Contents Preface IX Part 1
The Psychology of Entrepreneurship 1
Chapter 1
The Psychology of Entrepreneurship 3 Melek Kalkan and Canani Kaygusuz
Chapter 2
Entrepreneurial Intentions: The Role of the Cognitive Variables 27 José C. Sánchez
Chapter 3
Do External Factors Influence Students’ Entrepreneurial Inclination? An Evidence Based Approach 51 Ishfaq Ahmed, Muhammad Musarrat Nawaz and Muhammad Ramzan
Chapter 4
Reflections on Eco-Preneurship Alan E. Singer
Part 2
59
Academia and Entrepreneurship 75
Chapter 5
The Effect of an Entrepreneurial Training Programme on Entrepreneurial Traits and Intention of Secondary Students 77 Ricardo Gouveia Rodrigues, Anabela Dinis, Arminda do Paço, João Ferreira and Mário Raposo
Chapter 6
Academic Entrepreneurship and Financial Problems: The Capital Structure of the University Spin-Offs 93 David Rodeiro, Sara Fernández, Milagros Vivel and María Jesús Rodríguez
Chapter 7
Entrepreneurship Education and Pupils' Attitudes Towards Entrepreneurs 113 Vegard Johansen, Tuva Schanke and Tommy Høyvarde Clausen
VI
Contents
Chapter 8
Entrepreneurship, University Research, and Growth: European North vs. South 127 Panagiotis E. Petrakis
Chapter 9
Academic Entrepreneurship: What Changes When Scientists Become Academic Entrepreneurs? 159 Igor Prodan and Alenka Slavec
Chapter 10
University's Entrepreneurship Education: Creating Meaningful Impression for New Generation 175 Muhammad Nizam Zainuddin
Chapter 11
Critical D