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The book describes in great detail the complex life cycle of fleas. The text is based on the example of the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis), the most important ectoparasite. The cat flea parasitizes not only dogs and cats but also warm-blooded animals and even humans. Besides being the cause of painfully itching bites and allergic skin diseases it is also a vector for viruses, bacteria, nematodes and cestodes. Over the years the market for insecticide use in small animals has become a major segment of the chemical-pharmaceutical industry. Insecticides of the new generation should not only fight the existing infestation (therapy) but should also effectively prevent new infestations for weeks (prophylaxis). The latest class of chemicals developed to this effect are chloronicotinyls (syn. neonicotinoides). Imidacloprid is the first member of this class of insecticides with a high selectivity towards the site of action within an insect. Applied to the skin it combats flea infestation and prevents new infestations for at least four weeks. Flea Biology and Control describes the entire development behind the compound, starting with its discovery all the way to its use in the final product.
E-Book Content
Friederike Kramer Norbert Mencke
ea
iology
Con The Biology of the Cat Flea Control and Prevention with Imidacloprid in Small Animals
With 49 Figures and 43 Tables
Springer
DR. FRIEDERIKE KRAMER
School of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Department of Parasitology Biinteweg 17 30559 Hannover Germany DR. NORBERT MENCKE
Bayer AG BG Animal Health BU Companion Animals 51368 Leverkusen Germany
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kramer, Friederike, 1971Flea biology and control: the biology of the cat flea, control and prevention with imidacloprid in small animals I Friederike Kramer, Norbert Mencke. p.cm. Includes bibliographical references (p.) and index. ISBN 3540417761 (alk. paper) 1. Cat flea-Control. 2. Cat flea. 3. Cats-Parasites-Control. 4. Dogs-Parasites-Control. 5. Pets-Parasites-Control. I. Mencke, Norbert, 1959-11. Title. SF986.C37 K36 2001 628.9'657-dc21
ISBN 3-540-41776-1
2001020618
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York
This work is subject to copyright. All rights reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York a member of BertelsmannSpringer Science+Business Media GmbH http://www.springer.de ©
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Production: PRO EDIT GmbH, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany Cover design: design + production GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany Typesetting and Reproduction of the figures: AM-productions GmbH, 69168 Wiesloch, Germany Printed on acid-free paper - SPIN 10791514 27/3130/ML - 543210
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Friederike Kramer Norbert Mencke
Flea Biology and Control The Biology of the Cat Flea Control and Prevention with Imidacloprid in Small Animals
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