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The question of the origins of Christianity is a theme still discussed in historical research. This book investigates the relations between the Rabbinic Judaism and the Primitive Christianity. It studies the factors of influences, the polemics in the texts and factors of mutual conceptions between two new movements: Rabbinical Judaism and Primitive Christianity. Finally it offers an analysis of the perception of Christianity in the corpus of talmudic literature.
La question des origines du christianisme est un thème encore débattu par la recherche historique. Cet ouvrage choisi d'explorer les relations entre le judaïsme rabbinique et le christianisme primitif. Il étudie les facteurs d'influences, les polémiques dont témoignent les textes et les emprunts réciproques entre les deux mouvements naissant : le judaïsme rabbinique et le christiansime primitif. Il propose également une analyse sur la perception du christianisme à l'oeuvre dans la littérature talmudique.
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Studies in Rabbinic Judaism and Early Christianity
Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity Arbeiten zur Geschichte des antiken Judentums und des Urchristentums
Founding Editor
Martin Hengel† (Tübingen) Executive Editors
Cilliers Breytenbach (Berlin) Martin Goodman (Oxford) Editorial Board
Friedrich Avemarie (Marburg), John Barclay (Durham), Pieter W. van der Horst (Utrecht), Tal Ilan (Berlin), Tessa Rajak (Reading), Daniel R. Schwartz ( Jerusalem), Seth Schwartz (New York)
VOLUME 74
Studies in Rabbinic Judaism and Early Christianity Text and Context
Edited by
Dan Jaffé
LEIDEN • BOSTON 2010
This book is printed on acid-free paper. Detailed Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Studies in rabbinic Judaism and early Christianity : text and context / edited by Dan Jaffe. p. cm. — (Ancient Judaism and early Christianity, ISSN 1871-6636 ; v. 74) Essays in English or French. “This volume emerged from the symposium held at Paris in March 2007 on the theme ‘Rome, Athens or Jerusalem. Where does Christianity come from?’ under the auspices of the Alliance Israelite Universelle” — Introd. Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ISBN 978-90-04-18410-7 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Christianity—Origin— Congresses. 2. Christianity and other religions—Judaism—Congresses. 3. Judaism—Relations—Christianity—Congresses. 4. Christianity and other religions— Roman—Congresses. 5. Rome—Religion—Congresses. I. Jaffé, Dan, 1970- II. Alliance israélite universelle. III. Title. IV. Series. BR129.S82 2010 296.3’9609015—dc22 2010007554
ISSN 1871-6636 ISBN 978 90 04 18410 7 Copyright 2010 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints BRILL, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. printed in the netherlands
CONTENTS Introduction ....................................................................................... Dan Jaffé List of Contributors ..........................................................................
vii xv
THE HISTORICAL JESUS La Quête du Jésus de l’histoire et la judaïcité de Jésus ................. Daniel Marguerat
3
Jésus le Nazaréen « fondateur » ou « rénovateur » ? ................