Osteoimmunology pertains to the study of the relationship between the bones, particularly the bone marrow, and the immune system. This monograph pursues the best available evidence, by means of research synthesis, for the characterization of the physiological relevance and pathological implications of the inter-connectedness between the skeletal and the immune system. Research will be discussed that highlights the associated role of the circulatory, nervous and endocrine systems, as well as proteomic and genomic pathways and signatures. Emphasis is given that domain of medicine that relates to the oral cavity, its diseases and their systemic sequelae.
This monograph arises from observations that have suggested that the skeletal system and the immune system are intimately intertwined. Chronic inflammatory reactions subsequent to an excessive immune reaction can damage the bones, as in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoporosis, patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and with signs and sympotoms of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and bone cancer. Bones – in particular the bone marrow – are one of the primary locations in which cells of the immune system mature.
In brief, this monograph begins to answer a range of questions, such as, what is osteoimmunology all about?, does the immune system and its components affect bone development?, how do stress hormones impact upon the pathophysiology of bone-immune interactions?, can the scientific process of research synthesis, obtain the best available evidence for treatment of diseases involving the bone-immune entity (i.e., osteoimmunopathologies) means of evidence-based clinical decision-making directed at the treatment of osteoimmune pathologies?
Osteoimmunopathology
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Francesco Chiappelli
Osteoimmunopathology Evidence-Based Perspectives from Molecular Biology to Systems Biology
Professor Francesco Chiappelli, Ph.D. University of California at Los Angeles School of Dentistry Division of Oral Biology & Medicine Los Angeles, California USA and President, American Association of Oral Biologists Evidence-Based Dentistry Champion American Dental Association Los Angeles, California USA
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ISBN 978-1-4419-9494-3 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-9495-0 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-9495-0 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2011926796 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
The Healthcare Bill: Toward Evidence-Based Healthcare The U.S. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (enacted on 23 March 2010) created a $1 billion program to award, on a competitive basis, federal subsidies to qualifying therapeutic discovery projects being conducted at small biomedical companies. Within the first 6 months of its enactment, the new l