E-Book Overview
The 48 experiments in this well-conceived manual illustrate important concepts and principles in general, organic, and biochemistry. As in previous editions, three basic goals guided the development of all the experiments: (1) the experiments illustrate the concepts learned in the classroom; (2) the experiments are clearly and concisely written so that readers will easily understand the task at hand, will work with minimal supervision because the manual provides enough information on experimental procedures, and will be able to perform the experiments in a 2-1/2 hour laboratory period; and (3) the experiments are not only simple demonstrations, but also contain a sense of discovery. This edition includes many revised experiments and two new experiments.
E-Book Content
Group number, U.S. system Period number
1 1 H
Periodic Table of the Elements
Group number, IUPAC system
1A (1)
KEY
1.008
Hydrogen 6.941 4 3
2 Li
Atomic number
2A (2)
79
197.0
Au Gold
9.012
Be
Metals
Atomic weight Symbol Name
3A (13)
Metalloids 5 B
Nonmetals, noble gases
An element
Lithium Beryllium 11 22.990 12 24.305
3 Na
8A (18)
3B
Mg
4B
5B
4A (14)
5A (15)
6A (16)
7A (17)
10.811 6
12.011 7
14.007 8
15.999 9
C
N
O
F
2 He
4.003
Helium 18.998 10 20.180
Ne
Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon 13 26.982 14 28.086 15 30.974 16 32.066 17 35.453 18 39.948
6B
1B
8B
7B
2B
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar
(10) (8) (11) (12) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (9) Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon 65.39 31 69.723 32 72.61 33 74.922 34 78.96 35 79.904 36 83.80 19 39.098 20 40.078 21 44.956 22 47.867 23 50.942 24 51.996 25 54.938 26 55.845 27 58.933 28 58.693 29 63.546 30 Ca
4 K
Sc
Ti
V
Cr
Mn
Fe
Co
Ni
Cu
Zn
Ga
As
Ge
Se
Br
Kr
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton 95.94 43 (98) 44 101.07 45 102.906 46 106.42 47 107.868 48 112.411 49 114.818 50 118.710 51 121.760 52 127.60 53 126.904 54 131.29 37 85.468 38 87.62 39 88.906 40 91.224 41 92.906 42
5 Rb
Sr
Y
Zr
Nb
Mo
Tc
Ru
Rh
Pd
Ag
Cd
In
Sn
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin 55 132.905 56 137.327 57 138.906 72 178.49 73 180.948 74 183.84 75 186.207 76 190.23 77 192.217 78 195.078 79 196.967 80 200.59 81 204.383 82
6 Cs
Ba
La
Hf
Ta
W
Re
Os
Ir
Pt
Au
Hg
Lanthanum Hafnium Cesium Barium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold (227) 104 (261) 105 (262) 96 (223) 88 (226) 89 87 106 (266) 107 (264) 108 (269) 109 (268) 110 (269) 111
7 Fr Francium
Ra
Ac
Rf
Radium
Actinium
Rutherfordium Dubnium
Db
Sg
Bh
Seaborgium Bohrium
Hs
Mt
Hassium
Meitnorium
Tl
Mercury Thallium (272) 112 (277)
Sb
Te
I
Xe
Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon 207.2 83