Prostate Cancer (recent Results In Cancer Research)

Recent Results in Cancer Research Managing Editors P. M. Schlag, Berlin · H.-J. Senn, St. Gallen Associate Editors P. Kleihues, Zürich · F. Stiefel, Lausanne B. Groner, Frankfurt · A. Wallgren, Göteborg Founding Editor P. Rentchnik, Geneva  J. Ramon · L. J. Denis (Eds.) Prostate Cancer With 47 Figures and 43 Tables 123 Jacob Ramon, MD The Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel-Hashomer Ramat-Gan 52621 Israel Louis J. Denis, MD, FACS Director Oncology Centre Antwerp Secretary Europa Uomo Lange Gasthuisstraat 35-37 2000 Antwerp Belgium Library of Congress Control Number: 2006932038 ISSN 0080-0015 ISBN 978-3-540-408970 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in databanks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September, 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science + Business Media springer.com © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007 The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publisher cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature. Editor: Dr. Ute Heilmann, Heidelberg Desk editor: Dörthe Mennecke-Bühler, Heidelberg Production editor: Nadja Kroke, Leipzig Cover design: Frido Steinen-Broo, eStudio Calamar, Spain Typesetting: LE-TEX Jelonek, Schmidt & Vöckler GbR, Leipzig Printed on acid-free paper SPIN 11683551 21/3100/YL – 5 4 3 2 1 0 V Preface Prostate cancer treatment dates back almost 100 years. However, in an era of rapid developments and innovations in cancer research and uro-oncology, there is an increasing need to update our knowledge and especially to guide our practice by innovations and evidence-based medicine. Prostate cancer is still evolving following improvements in disease detection and better understanding of disease characteristics. This book addresses the current state of the art in this still-developing field and presents the reader with the information needed to make rational patient decisions regarding treatment selection and outcomes. The growing body of knowledge regarding epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention, screening, diagnosis and staging is included in the first half of the book. To determine the most appropriate treatment regimen for a prostate cancer patient, it is important to asses the individual’s risk factors. Patient characteristics are one important factor in determining optimal therapy. Efficacy and survival benefits need to be balanced against the patient’s quality of life. When diagnosed with prostate cancer, the patient and his physician have to