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Despite roughly thirty years of experience with growth management programs, which are basically land-use planning tools, most U.S. communities do not plan for how best to limit or manage rapid growth; in fact, most communities do not plan at all. In the absence of planning, land-use boards, regulators, and other governing bodies simply react to initiatives from the private sector. The result is predictably haphazard and does not allow communities to achieve such goals as protecting quality of life, attracting certain types of businesses while discouraging others, conserving wildlife or preserving open spaces, and so forth. In contrast, planning by managing growth can help a town or city achieve any number of goals. But it is a complex task. This book brings the benefit of state and local experiences with growth management to researchers, students, and particularly practitioners who seek guidance in these matters.Kelly provides a much-needed context from which any community can answer the following questions: Does growth management work? Is it appropriate for the community and the particular problems that it is trying to address? Is one type of growth management program more appropriate than another for our community? Will the program in question have undesirable (or desirable) side effects?What are the likely effects of adopting no growth management program at all?This work is invaluable for the citizen volunteers who sit on land-use boards, including planning and zoning commissions, conservation commissions, and inland wetlands agencies. In addition, it can aid mayors, city managers, and city councils in interviewing and selecting candidates for town planner.
E-Book Content
Managing Community Growth Second Edition ERIC DAMIAN KELLY
PRAEGER
Westport, Connecticut London
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kelly, Eric D. Managing community growth / Eric Damian Kelly.— 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-275-97793-5 (alk. paper)—ISBN 0-275-97814-1 (pbk : alk. paper) 1. City planning—United States. 2. Land use—United States—Planning. 3. Cities and towns— United States—Growth. 4. Urbanization—United States. 5. Urban policy—United States. I. Title. HT167.K44 2004 307.1'216'0973—dc22 2004017544 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright © 2004 by Eric Damian Kelly All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2004017544 ISBN: 0-275-97793-5 (cloth) 0-275-97814-1 (paper) First published in 2004 Praeger Publishers, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An Imprint of the Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. www.praeger.com Printed in the United States of America.
The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984). 10
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To my parents and grandparents, who taught me that good citizens can and should make their communities better places in which to live.
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Contents
Tables and Figures
xi
ACknowledgments
xv
1 Introduction Growth Management A Note on the Use of Terms Notes
1 1 3 4
2 Growth Management in Context An Overview of the System of Local Planning and Implementation Early Tools Zoning Subdivision Control How Growth Management Fits into the System Notes
7 7 11 12 15 17 22
3 Early Growth Management Activity Three Early Programs The Maryland Proposal The Ramapo Program The Petaluma Program The Early Literature
27 27 28 29 31 34
Contents
Vlll
Conclusion Notes
4 Types of Contemporary Growth
Management