Introduction To Journalism

00-Fleming-3299-Prelims.qxd 10/20/2005 5:50 PM Page i AN INTRODUCTION TO JOURNALISM 00-Fleming-3299-Prelims.qxd 10/20/2005 5:50 PM Page ii 00-Fleming-3299-Prelims.qxd 10/20/2005 5:50 PM Page iii AN INTRODUCTION TO JOURNALISM CAROLE FLEMING, EMMA HEMMINGWAY, GILLIAN MOORE AND DAVE WELFORD SAGE Publications London ● Thousand Oaks ● New Delhi 00-Fleming-3299-Prelims.qxd 10/20/2005 5:50 PM Page iv © Carole Fleming, Emma Hemmingway, Gillian Moore and Dave Welford 2006 First published 2006 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form, or by any means, only with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. SAGE Publications Ltd 1 Oliver’s Yard 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP SAGE Publications Inc. 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320 SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd B-42, Panchsheel Enclave Post Box 4109 New Delhi 110 017 British Library Cataloguing in Publication data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0-7619-4181-9 ISBN 0-7619 4182-7 (pbk) Library of Congress Control Number available Typeset by C&M Digitals (P) Ltd., Chennai, India Printed in Great Britain by Cromwell Press Ltd, Trowbridge, Wiltshire Printed on paper from sustainable resources 00-Fleming-3299-Prelims.qxd 10/20/2005 5:50 PM Page v CONTENTS Acknowledgements Introduction viii 1 1 What Is News? Selecting the news Newspapers Radio news Television news Online news Conclusion 4 5 8 12 17 21 26 2 Researching a Story News sources Researching a story Asking the right questions Conclusion Checklist 27 28 37 39 40 40 3 Writing a Story Writing for newspapers Sports reporting Writing for radio Writing for television Writing for the Internet Checklist 42 42 54 58 64 66 68 4 Interviewing Identifying the story Newspaper interviews Radio interviews Television interviews 70 71 75 76 79 00-Fleming-3299-Prelims.qxd vi 10/20/2005 5:50 PM Page vi CONTENTS Difficult interviews Live interviews Telephone interviews Conclusion 85 90 91 92 5 Broadcast Skills Radio skills Television skills Online skills Conclusion 94 94 104 113 115 6 An Introduction to the English Legal System Divisions of law Sources of law The European influence Sources of European law The courts The structure and personnel of the courts Legal personnel Conclusion 117 118 120 123 124 126 127 131 132 7 The Journalist and the Law Defamation Contempt Privacy Reporting elections Copyright law Protecting sources Conclusion 134 134 140 148 152 156 157 158 8 Reporting the Cou