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Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology Series Editors: W.E.G. Müller (Managing Editor), Ph. Jeanteur, Y. Kuchino, A. Macieira-Coelho, R. E. Rhoads 40 Volumes Published in the Series Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology Subseries: Marine Molecular Biotechnology Volume 26 Signaling Pathways for Translation: Insulin and Nutrients R.E. Rhoads (Ed.) Volume 37 Sponges (Porifera) W.E.G. Müller (Ed.) Volume 27 Signaling Pathways for Translation: Stress, Calcium, and Rapamycin R.E. Rhoads (Ed.) Volume 28 Small Stress Proteins A.-P. Arrigo and W.E.G. Müller (Eds.) Volume 29 Protein Degradation in Health and Disease M. Reboud-Ravaux (Ed.) Volume 30 Biology of Aging A. Macieira-Coelho Volume 31 Regulation of Alternative Splicing Ph. Jeanteur (Ed.) Volume 32 Guidance Cues in the Developing Brain I. Kostovic (Ed.) Volume 33 Silicon Biomineralization W.E.G. Müller (Ed.) Volume 34 Invertebrate Cytokines and the Phylogeny of Immunity A. Beschin and W.E.G. Müller (Eds.) Volume 35 RNA Trafficking and Nuclear Structure Dynamics Ph. Jeanteur (Ed.) Volume 36 Viruses and Apoptosis C. Alonso (Ed.) Volume 38 Epigenetics and Chromatin Ph. Jeanteur (Ed.) Volume 40 Developmental Biology of Neoplastic Growth A. Macieira-Coelho (Ed.) Volume 39 Echinodermata V. Matranga (Ed.) Alvaro Macieira-Coelho (Ed.) Developmental Biology of Neoplastic Growth With 23 Figures, 7 in Color, and 7 Tables 13 Professor Dr. Alvaro Macieira-Coelho INSERM 73 bis, rue du Maréchal Foch 78000 Versailles France ISSN 0079-6484 ISBN-10 3-540-25009-3 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN-13 978-3-540-25009-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2005920705 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer-Verlag is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com © Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2005 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publishers cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature. Production: Pro Edit GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany Typesetting: SDS, Leimen, Germany Cover desing: design & production GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany Printed on acid free paper 39/3150Re 543210 Preface Much attention has been directed to changes in cells allowing them to escape growth controls and become an invasive tumor, and to the agents that can cause these changes. Less has been investigated regarding the deviations of normal development that can create an environment favorable for neoplastic growth. However, the idea that tumors result from deviations of normal development has been repeatedly expressed in the past. Waddington (1935) and Needham (1936) proposed that cancers constitute an escape from morphogenetic fields similar to those that guide embryonic development. More recently, Pierce et al. (1978) viewed cancers as a problem of developmental biology and predicted that an understanding of t