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KEY WEBLINKS Throughout this book, references will frequently be made to the statutes enacted by the federal, provincial, and territorial governments. These statutes are now almost all available electronically. Listed below are the websites for the statutes of each jurisdiction: Canada http://lois.justice.gc.ca Nova Scotia http://nslegislature.ca/legc/index.htm Alberta www.qp.gov.ab.ca Nunavut www.nucj.ca/library/index.htm British Columbia www.qp.gov.bc.ca/statreg Ontario www.e-laws.gov.on.ca Manitoba web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/index.php Prince Edward Island www.gov.pe.ca/law/statutes New Brunswick www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/index-e.asp Quebec www.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/ accueil.en.html Newfoundland and Labrador www.gov.nf.ca/hoa/sr Northwest Territories www.justice.gov.nt.ca Saskatchewan www.qp.gov.sk.ca Yukon www.gov.yk.ca/legislation In addition to the statutory bases, the following websites contain a wealth of material of general legal interest, which is relevant to most of the chapters in this book: Canadian Legal Information Institute www.canlii.org Provides links to federal and provincial legislation, court decisions, etc. Department of Justice http://canada.justice.gc.ca Includes details of the Canadian legal system, the courts, the legislative process, etc. Uniform Law Conference of Canada www.ulcc.ca Includes proposals for law reform and harmonization Legal Line www.legalline.ca Provides current information about Canadian law and the legal system Bora Laskin Law Library www.law-lib.utoronto.ca/resources Includes links to various sites on Canadian law This page intentionally left blank Fourteenth Edition LAW and BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION in CANADA The J. E. SMYTH LATE PROFESSOR OF COMMERCE, FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO D. A. SOBERMAN LATE PROFESSOR OF LAW, FACULTY OF LAW, QUEEN’S UNIVERSITY A. J. EASSON LATE PROFESSOR OF LAW, FACULTY OF LAW, QUEEN’S UNIVERSITY S. A. MCGILL SCHOOL OF BUSINESS & ECONOMICS, WILFRID LAURIER UNIVERSITY Toronto Vice-President, CMPS: Gary Bennett Editorial Director: Claudine O’Donnell Acquisitions Editor: Megan Farrell Marketing Manager: Jessica Saso Project Manager: Kimberley Blakey Developmental Editor: Jill Renaud Manager Content Development: Suzanne Schaan Media Editor: Daniella Balabuk Media Developer: Bogdan Kosenko Production Services: Cenveo Permissions Project Manager: Joanne Tang Text Permissions Research: Lumina Datamatics, Inc. Interior Designer: Anthony Leung Cover Designer: Anthony Leung Cover Image: © Iurii Sokolov / Fotolia Credits and acknowledgments for material borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within the text. Original edition published by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, USA. Copyright © [2016] Pearson Education, Inc. This edition is authorized for sale only in Canada. If you purchased this book outside the United States or Canada, you should be aware that it has been imported without the approval of the publisher or the author. This book offers a general discussion of legal principles relevant to business students. It is not intended to provide legal advice nor address specific situations. The law discussed in this book was compiled between January and June of 2014. Subsequent changes in the law will not be reflected in the text. Copyright © [2016] Pearson Canada Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in [the United States of America]. This publication is protected by copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmis