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On Edge:Ethnographiesand Theoriesof ThresholdPhenomena ht t ps://ww w .rou tlcJgc.1,;0111/0n-EJgc-Et h nogra ph ics-a nd-l 'hcorics-ofTh reshold-Phenomena/book-series/ASHSER 1447 This series seeks to explore the circumstances that compel subjects, lifeforms, and material things to reimagine, redefine and reorder their existence at the edge of experience and social orders. Concerned with the ever-present but often unarticulated doubt embedded in everyday life and based on a mctaphysi1,;s of cmergen1,;e, novelty and creativity as forces in their own right, it wckomcs anthropological and trans-disciplinary studies of transformations and threshold phenomena, su1,;has 1,;rises,disasters and catastrophes, deaths and births, sexualities, rituals of transition, and social movements. With allention to phenomena that lie beyond the reach of everyday experie111.:e,whether these be life forms such as baderia, material processes sud1 as rusting, or the un1,;anny dimensions of the cultural and social, On Edge: Ethnographies and Theories of Threshold Phenomena encourages studies that develop innovative methodologies, induding those informed by post-humanist perspectives, and seeks to make space for inventive and experimental projects. ImpossibleRefuge The Control and Constraint of Refugee Futures Georgina Ramsay Series Editors Mark Graham is Head of the Department of Social Anthropology at the University of Stockholm, Sweden. He is the author of Anthropological Explorations in Queer Theory. Elisabeth Lund Engebretsen is Senior Lecturer at the Centre for Gender Rescar1,;h, University of Oslo, Norway. She is the author of Queer Women in llrban China: An Ethnography and w-editor of Queer/Tongzhi China: New Pcrspcdivcs on Rcscard1, A1,;tivismand Media Cultures. Titles in the Series Impossible Refuge The Control and Constraint of Refugee Futures Georgina Ramsay I~~?io~!~!n~~~up LONDON AND NEW YORK I 'irsl puhlishcd 201H hy Routledge 2 Park Square. Milton Park. Ahingdon. (lxon OX 14 4R N Contents and by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York. NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint o/the Taylar & Francis Group. an infiJrma husiness q:) 2018 Georgina Ramsay The right of Georgina Ramsay to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic. mechanical, or other means. now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system. without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks. and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Lihrary Cata/oguing-in-Puh!ication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Lihrary ol Congress Cataloging-in-Puh/irntion Data A catalog record for this book has been requested. Acknowledgments list of terms and abbreviations Vll lX Introduction PART I Exodus Cosmology and futurity 25 27 ISBN: 978-1-138-63334-6 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-20771-l (ebk) 2 Conflict and historicity 42 Typeset in Times New Roman by code Mantra 3 Fear and violence 58 PART II Asylum 79 4 Liminal asylum and circular time 81 5 Imaginaries and new life 99 PART III Resettlement 117 6 Resettlement and contested citizenship 119 7 Friction and temporal discordance 141 8 Rd\1g1:and shifkd sociality 156 9 Th