Brill’s Companion To Military Defeat In Ancient Mediterranean Society

Brill’s Companion to Military Defeat in Ancient Mediterranean Society Brill’s Companions in Classical Studies Warfare in the Ancient Mediterranean World Series Editor Lee L. Brice VOLUME 2 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/wamw Brill’s Companion to Military Defeat in Ancient Mediterranean Society Edited by Jessica H. Clark and Brian Turner LEIDEN | BOSTON Cover illustration: Trophies at the side of the front of the Portonaccio sarcophagus, National Museum of Rome - Palazzo Massimo alle Terme. Source: wikimedia commons, licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-SA 3.0). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Clark, Jessica Homan, 1980- editor of compilation. | Turner, Brian,  (historian) editor of compilation. Title: Brill’s companion to military defeat in ancient Mediterranean society  / edited by Jessica H. Clark and Brian Turner. Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, [2018] | Series: Brill’s companions in  classical studies warfare in the ancient Mediterranean world ; volume 2 |  Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017040844 (print) | LCCN 2017049974 (ebook) | ISBN  9789004355774 (E-book) | ISBN 9789004298583 (hardback : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Mediterranean Region—History, Military—To 1500. | Defeat  (Psychology)—Case studies. | Military history, Ancient. Classification: LCC DE84 (ebook) | LCC DE84 .B753 2017 (print) | DDC  355.020937—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017040844 Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 2452-1493 isbn 978-90-04-29858-3 (hardback) isbn 978-90-04-35577-4 (e-book) Copyright 2018 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi, Brill Sense and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill nv provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, ma 01923, usa. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper and produced in a sustainable manner. For my grandparents, inspirations all. Jessica H. Clark Florida State University … For my parents, who saw the beginning. Brian Turner Portland State University ∵ Contents Preface xi List of Figures, Maps, and Tables xiii Notes on Abbreviations xv Notes on Contributors xvi Part 1 Introduction 1 Thinking about Military Defeat in Ancient Mediterranean Society 3 Brian Turner and Jessica H. Clark Part 2 The Ancient Near East 2 Ideology, Politics, and the Assyrian Understanding of Defeat 25 Sarah C. Melville 3 The Assassination of Tissaphernes: Royal Responses to Military Defeat in the Achaemenid Empire 51 Jeffrey Rop 4 Achaemenid Soldiers, Alexander’s Conquest, and the Experience of Defeat 74 John O. Hyland Part 3 Classical Greece and the Hellenistic World 5 Military Defeat in Fifth-Century Athens: Thucydides and His Audience 99 Edith Foster viii Contents 6 Demosthenes, Chaeron