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Expert researchers describe in detail their most productive and up-to-date methods for growing cancer cells in the laboratory. There are methods to characterize and authenticate cell lines, to isolate and develop specific types of cancer cells, and to develop new cell line models. Functional assays are provided to evaluate clonogenicity, cell proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, invasion, senescence, angiogenesis, and cell cycle parameters. Other methods permit the modification of cancer cells for transfection, development of drug resistance, immortalization, and transfer in vivo; the co-culture of different cell types; and the detection and treatment of contamination.
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M E T H O D S I N M O L E C U L A R M E D I C I N E TM Cancer Cell Culture Methods and Protocols Edited by Simon P. Langdon Basic Principles of Cancer Cell Culture 3 1 Basic Principles of Cancer Cell Culture Simon P. Langdon 1. Introduction Cell culture is practiced extensively throughout the world today. The techniques required to allow cells to grow and be maintained outside the body have been developed throughout the 20th century. In the 50 years since the publication of the first human cancer cell line, HeLa (1), thousands of cell lines representing most of the spectrum of human cancer have been derived. These have provided tools to study in depth the biochemistry and molecular biology associated with individual cancer types and have helped enormously in our understanding of normal as well as cancer cell physiology. Although some caution is required in interpreting data obtained by studying cells in vitro, it has allowed investigation of a complex disease such as cancer to be simplified to its component parts. The aim of this chapter is to introduce some of the basic concepts involved in the practice of cell culture. 2. Evolution of Can