Grammatical Change in Indo-European Languages AMSTERDAM STUDIES IN THE THEORY AND HISTORY OF LINGUISTIC SCIENCE General Editor E.F.K. KOERNER Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, Typologie und Universalienforschung, Berlin
[email protected] Series IV – CURRENT ISSUES IN LINGUISTIC THEORY Advisory Editorial Board Lyle Campbell (Salt Lake City) Sheila Embleton (Toronto) Elly van Gelderen (Tempe, Ariz.) Brian D. Joseph (Columbus, Ohio) John E. Joseph (Edinburgh) Manfred Krifka (Berlin) Martin Maiden (Oxford) E. Wyn Roberts (Vancouver, B.C.) Joseph C. Salmons (Madison, Wis.) Volume 305 Vit Bubenik, John Hewson and Sarah Rose (eds.) Grammatical Change in Indo-European Languages. Papers presented at the workshop on Indo-European Linguistics at the XVIIIth International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Montreal, 2007 Grammatical Change in Indo-European Languages Papers presented at the workshop on Indo-European Linguistics at the XVIIIth International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Montreal, 2007 Edited by Vit Bubenik John Hewson Sarah Rose Memorial University of Newfoundland JOHN BENJAMINS PUBLISHING COMPANY AMSTERDAM/PHILADELPHIA 8 TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences — Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Grammatical change in Indo-European languages : papers presented at the workshop on IndoEuropean linguistics at the XVIIIth International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Montreal, 2007 / edited by Vit Bubenik, John Hewson, Sarah Rose. p. cm. -- (Amsterdam studies in the theory and history of linguistic science. Series IV, Current issues in linguistic theory, ISSN 0304-0763 ; v. 305) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Indo-European languages--Grammar, Historical--Congresses. I. Bubeník, Vít, 1942- II. Hewson, John, 1930- III. Rose, Sarah (Sarah R.) IV. International Conference on Historical Linguistics (18th : 2007 : Montréal, Québec) P577.G73 2009 415--dc22 2009013488 isbn 978 90 272 4821 3 (hb; alk. paper) isbn 978 90 272 8929 2 (eb) © 2009 – John Benjamins B.V. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publisher. John Benjamins Publishing Co. • P.O.Box 36224 • 1020 ME Amsterdam • The Netherlands John Benjamins North America • P.O.Box 27519 • Philadelphia PA 19118-0519 • USA We dedicate this volume to the memory of our colleague Carol F. Justus (21.3.1940–1.8.2007) Table of contents Editors’ foreword My memories of Carol Justus ix xix Section A. Gender, animacy and number The origin of the feminine gender in PIE: An old problem in